The efficacy of lining materials in the reduction of microleakage in class II composite resin restoration using the sandwich technique: A stereomicroscopic study.

Background: The sealing ability of different liners under composite restorations in the reduction of microleakage.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of three different liners in sandwich techniques on gingival microleakage of class II composite restorations.

Materials And Methods: Standardized Class II box cavities were prepared on forty premolar teeth and randomly divided into four groups, = 10: Group A, no liner (control); Group B, Polofil NHT Flow; Group C, Ionolux; and Group D, Fuji VII.

Rotary science and its impact on instrument separation: A focused review.

Efficient endodontic treatment demands thorough debridement of the root canal system with minimal procedural errors. The inherent weakness of nickel-titanium alloys is their unexpected breakage. Modifications in the design, manufacturing, thermomechanical and surface treatment of alloys and advancements in movement kinetics have shown to improve the fatigue properties of the alloys, reducing the incidence of separation.

Vertical root fractures and their management.

Vertical root fractures associated with endodontically treated teeth and less commonly in vital teeth represent one of the most difficult clinical problems to diagnose and treat. In as much as there are no specific symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult. Clinical detection of this condition by endodontists is becoming more frequent, where as it is rather underestimated by the general practitioners.