Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided coil embolization and cyanoacrylate injection versus cyanoacrylate injection alone for gastric varices: a randomized comparative study.

Background: Bleeding from gastric varices is life-threatening, with significant rebleeding risk despite standard cyanoacrylate glue injection therapy. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided coil embolization with cyanoacrylate injection (Coil+CYA) compared with EUS-guided cyanoacrylate injection alone (CYA) for the treatment of gastric varices.

Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary referral center in India, using a single-blinded, prospective, and parallel-group randomized design.

Intravenous versus oral 'L-ornithine-L-aspartate' in overt hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized comparative study.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a morbid ordeal affecting chronic liver disease patients always insists for the search of a rational, superior & infallible agent beyond the time-proven standards i.e., Lactulose & Rifaximin.

Changing etiological spectrum of acute liver failure.

Background And Objectives: Acute liver failure (ALF) is an uncommon but potentially dramatic syndrome characterized by massive hepatic necrosis and has a very high mortality rate of 50% to 75% without liver transplantation. This study is aimed at analyzing the etiological spectrum of ALF patients and compare these with ALF mimics such as malaria, dengue fever and other tropical infectious diseases.

Methods: The study population included patients who presented with ALF and ALF mimics in a tertiary care center over two years.

Efficacy and Rationale of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Thrombin Injection in Visceral Artery Pseudoaneurysm Not Amenable to Angioembolization.

Background: Pseudoaneurysm usually occurs after vascular injuries or erosions such as in trauma or inflammation like pancreatitis and is associated with high morbidity and mortality.

Aim: The aim of study is to assess efficacy and safety of EUS-guided thrombin injection in pseudoaneurysm.

Materials And Methods: Prospective data collection was done at SMS Hospital, Jaipur, from January 2015 to March 2023.

Scrub Typhus: An Acute Precipitant for Acute on Chronic Liver Failure.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a clinical syndrome with high mortality. Many acute precipitating factors have been implicated in triggering the acute event of ACLF, with bacterial infections being a common precipitant. However, many other precipitants can cause ACLF; therefore, identification of these factors early in the golden window and their treatment can result in improved prognosis.

Aetiology and clinical spectrum of gastric outlet obstruction in North West India.

Our study to evaluate the aetiological and clinical spectrum of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) in North-west India showed malignant cause (54.9%) was more common than benign (45.1%).

Position statement from the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, Cardiological Society of India, Indian Academy of Neurology and Vascular Society of India on gastrointestinal bleeding and endoscopic procedures in patients on antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant therapy.

Antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant agents (collectively known as antithrombotic agents) are used to reduce the risk of thromboembolic events in patients with conditions such as atrial fibrillation, acute coronary syndrome, recurrent stroke prevention, deep vein thrombosis, hypercoagulable states and endoprostheses. Antithrombotic-associated gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is an increasing burden due to the growing population of advanced age with multiple comorbidities and the expanding indications for the use of antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants. GI bleeding in antithrombotic users is associated with an increase in short-term and long-term mortality.

Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL) Guidance Paper on Nomenclature, Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease globally and in India. The already high burden of NAFLD in India is expected to further increase in the future in parallel with the ongoing epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Given the high prevalence of NAFLD in the community, it is crucial to identify those at risk of progressive liver disease to streamline referral and guide proper management.

Clinicopathological Profile and Outcome of a Large Cohort of Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease from South Asia: Interim Results of the Indian Consortium on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Previous data from South Asia and India had shown that patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have mild liver disease severity. There are no data regarding long-term clinical outcomes in patients with NAFLD from South Asia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinicopathological profile, severity of NAFLD, and clinical outcomes in a large cohort of patients with NAFLD from South Asia.

Redefining Celiac Iceberg in Children in North India-Do Asymptomatic Subjects Need Screening?

The prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in Indian children is not well documented, with most of the studies focusing on high-risk groups and not the general population. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of CD in asymptomatic school children of Jaipur, Rajasthan. A cross- sectional study was conducted among healthy school children of Jaipur.

Seronegative Celiac Disease; Frequently Encountered Yet Undiagnosed Clinical Entity.

BACKGROUND There are limited studies on the seronegative celiac disease from the Indian subcontinent. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, pathological, genetic, and clinical profile of patients with seronegative celiac disease. METHODS This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, SMS Hospital, Jaipur, between October 2017 to March 2019.

Primary Prophylaxis Patterns for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: What are the Current Prescribing Trends in Specialty Practice?

Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a significant complication of severe chronic liver insufficiency characterized by altered sensorium, motor, and cognitive dysfunction. This was a cross-sectional multicenter, epidemiological study to understand the prescribing pattern for primary prophylaxis of overt HE (OHE) in patients with cirrhosis in India.

Methods: The study was conducted at eight centers across different geographical regions of India.

Sociodemographic and Clinical Profiles of Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Cross-sectional, Multi-centric, Epidemiological Study in India.

Aims: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by impaired gut-brain interaction. Considering the paucity of evidence in the Indian setting, the current study was conducted to determine the sociodemographics, clinical profiles, management practices, and patients' perception among newly diagnosed patients with IBS.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, single-visit, observational, non-interventional, epidemiological study conducted across 12 centres.

Levels of Aminotransferases Among Schoolchildren in Jaipur, Rajasthan.

We did cross-sectional study for normal values of amino-transferases in school children aged 2- 18 years. Median (IQR) AST and ALT values in study subjects were 30 (27- 34) U/L and 23 (19-29) U/L. We also provided age-and sex-related percentiles of aminotransferases of children.

Filgotinib as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis (SELECTION): a phase 2b/3 double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: The global prevalence of ulcerative colitis is increasing, and induction and maintenance of remission is a crucial therapeutic goal. We assessed the efficacy and safety of filgotinib, a once-daily, oral Janus kinase 1 preferential inhibitor, for treatment of ulcerative colitis.

Methods: This phase 2b/3, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial including two induction studies and one maintenance study was done in 341 study centres in 40 countries.

The Indian Network of Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Etiology, Clinical Features, Outcome and Prognostic Markers in 1288 Patients.

Background: Etiology of and outcomes following idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) vary geographically. We conducted a prospective study of DILI in India, from 2013 to 2018 and summarize the causes, clinical features, outcomes and predictors of mortality.

Methods: We enrolled patients with DILI using international DILI expert working group criteria and Roussel Uclaf causality assessment method.

Comparative evaluation of efficacy and safety of drotaverine versus mebeverine in irritable bowel syndrome: A randomized double-blind controlled study.

Background: Drotaverine and Mebeverine are used for alleviating the pain of IBS, but the evidence for their efficacy is scarce. In this randomised control study, we evaluated and compared their efficacy in improving severity, frequency of pain and its associated symptoms.

Methods: Patients fulfilling the ROME III criteria of IBS were evaluated in this randomised control trial during 4 weeks of treatment.

Celiac Disease and Portal Hypertension: A Causal Association or Just a Coincidence?

Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) has been linked to portal hypertension (PHT) of varied etiology, but the causality association has never been proved. We aim to study the prevalence of CD in patients of PHT of different etiology.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from June 2017 to December 2018 involving all the cases of PHT of varied etiology.

Colitis and Crohn's Foundation (India): a first nationwide inflammatory bowel disease registry.

Background/aims: The national registry for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was designed to study epidemiology and prescribing pattern of treatment of IBD in India.

Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional, prospective registry was established across four geographical zones of India. Adult patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) were enrolled between January 2014 and December 2015.