The Reduction Maneuver for Pediatric Extension Type 3 Supracondylar Humerus Fractures.

Extension type supracondylar humerus fractures in children commonly displace in two directions: posteromedial and posterolateral. The traditional maneuver to reduce posteromedial displaced fractures utilizes pronation of the forearm, while the maneuver for posterolateral displaced fractures utilizes supination. Traditional teaching suggests that the periosteum is an aid to reduction.

Implant Retention or Removal for Management of Surgical Site Infection After Spinal Surgery.

Study Design: A literature review.

Objective: To summarize the implant removal rate, common bacterial organisms found, time of onset, ratio of superficial to deep infection, and regurgitating the prevalence among all the retrospective and prospective studies on management and characterization of surgical site infections (SSIs).

Methods: PubMed was searched for articles published between 2000 and 2018 on the management or characterization of SSIs after spinal surgery.

A Multicenter Trial Demonstrating Presence or Absence of Bacterial Contamination at the Screw-Bone Interface Owing to Absence or Presence of Pedicle Screw Guard, Respectively, During Spinal Fusion.

Study Design: A prospective multicenter study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess bacterial contamination in current practices of pedicle screw handling and comparing it to a novel method of using an intraoperative, sterile implant guard for screws.

Summary Of Background Data: Postoperative infections occur at the higher end of 2%-13%, as cited in the literature, and are underestimated due to various reasons in such publications.