Prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus in kidney transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the prevalence of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and, furthermore to compare it to that in immunocompetent controls.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from January 2000 to February 2023, to identify studies investigating the prevalence of cervical hrHPV in KTRs. Pooled cervical hrHPV prevalences, odds ratios (ORs) comparing KTRs to controls and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random effects logistic regression models.

The influence of overweight and obesity on participation in cervical cancer screening: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide. The incidence of cervical cancer has decreased after implementation of cervical cancer screening, however, obese women have higher risk of cervical cancer than women of normal weight. This might be caused by a lower participation rate in cervical cancer screening.

Cervical human papillomavirus prevalence according to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics in a large Danish screening population.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) prevalence according to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics in a Danish screening population.

Methods: We used data from HPV SCREEN DENMARK, which was an implementation study embedded into the routine cervical cancer screening programme. During 2017-2020, women aged 30-59 years screened in the Region of Southern Denmark were offered HPV testing or cytology.

Risk of recurrent disease following conization of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 according to post-conization HPV status and surgical margins.

Objective: To examine the absolute risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) following conization according to post-conization HPV status and surgical margins.

Methods: A total of 11,006 women with CIN3 on the cone were followed for up to 14 years using nationwide registries. We estimated absolute risks of recurrent CIN2+ and sensitivity and specificity of HPV testing and margin status in predicting CIN2+ 4 years after conization.

Trends in incidence and survival from anal cancer and incidence of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia in Denmark.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to assess temporal trends in incidence of anal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and high-grade anal intraepithelial lesions (AIN2/3), and estimate survival from anal cancer and factors related to 5-year mortality in Denmark.

Methods: We analyzed anal SCC and AIN2/3 cases in the period of 1998-2018 from the Danish Cancer Register and the Danish Registry of Pathology, respectively. Overall, period, gender, and histology specific age-standardized incidence rates, average annual percentage change (AAPC), and 5-year relative survival were estimated.

Trends in rectal cancer incidence, relative survival, and mortality in Denmark during 1978-2018.

Objective: Rectal cancer is common in developed countries, though incidence varies globally. We assessed time trends in incidence, relative survival and mortality in Denmark.

Methods: Rectal cancer cases ( N  = 50 461) diagnosed in 1978-2018 were identified in the Danish Cancer Registry.

Incidence of penile intraepithelial neoplasia and incidence and survival of penile cancer in Denmark, 1997 to 2018.

Purpose: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis is rare. Some studies have suggested that the incidence is increasing but the available literature is equivocal. We examined the incidence of high-grade penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN), the incidence and 5-year relative survival as well as mortality of penile SCC in Denmark over the latest 20 years.

The prognostic significance of HPV, p16, and p53 protein expression in vaginal cancer: A systematic review.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV), p16, and p53 have been investigated as prognostic markers in various HPV-related cancers. Within the field of vaginal cancer, however, the evidence remains sparse. In this systematic review, we have compiled the presently published studies on the prognostic significance of HPV and immunohistochemical expression of p16 and p53 among women with vaginal cancer.

Telomerase Is a Prognostic Marker of Poor Outcome and a Therapeutic Target in Neuroblastoma.

Purpose: Telomere maintenance is a hallmark of high-risk neuroblastoma; however, the contribution of telomerase and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) to clinical phenotypes has remained unclear. We aimed to determine the clinical relevance of telomerase activation versus ALT as biomarkers in pretreatment neuroblastoma and to assess the potential value of telomerase as a therapeutic target.

Materials And Methods: The genomic status of and was assessed in 457 pretreatment neuroblastomas by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse after conization in relation to HPV vaccination status.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is essential for developing cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Currently, three vaccines are available, which are effective as prophylaxis against HPV infection, however, limited knowledge exists about the possible effect of vaccinating women treated with conization to prevent recurrence. The aim of our study was to examine the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) after conization according to HPV vaccination status.

Optimising streptozotocin dosing to minimise renal toxicity and impairment of stomach emptying in male 129/Sv mice.

The streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model has been extensively used as a model for diabetes and diabetic nephropathy, but it is still influenced by many off-target toxic effects and large variation in diabetes induction. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare different STZ dosing regimens to optimise animal welfare and minimise unwanted effects of STZ measured by acute renal toxicity, impairment of stomach emptying and weight loss. Male 129/Sv mice were injected with 1 × 50, 1 × 100, 1 × 125, 1 × 150, 1 × 200, 5 × 50, 2 × 100 and 2 × 125 mg/kg STZ or vehicle and euthanized 24 hours after the last injection.

Nephropathy in diabetic db/db mice is accelerated by high protein diet and improved by the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin.

The widely used db/db mouse as a model of diabetic nephropathy (DN) only mimics the early changes in human DN with a slow disease progression. Since high protein diet (HPD) has been reported to affect progression of nephropathy in both humans and mice, we investigated whether HPD could accelerate nephropathy in db/db mice. Diabetic (C57BLKS-Lepr) and non-diabetic (C57BLKS-Lepr/+) mice were fed either HPD (60 kcal% protein) or control diet (22 kcal% protein), from 7 to 22 weeks of age.

Prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA and p16 in penile cancer and penile intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Although previous meta-analyses have examined human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA prevalence in penile cancer, none, to our knowledge, have assessed pooled HPV DNA prevalence in penile intraepithelial neoplasia or p16 percent positivity in penile cancer and penile intraepithelial neoplasia. Therefore, we aimed to examine the prevalence of HPV DNA and p16 positivity in penile cancer and penile intraepithelial neoplasia worldwide.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library until July 24, 2017, for English-language articles published from Jan 1, 1986, onwards reporting the prevalence of HPV DNA and p16 positivity, either alone or in combination, in at least five cases of penile cancer or penile intraepithelial neoplasia.

Human papillomavirus and p16 in squamous cell carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the vagina.

We estimated the overall and type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and p16 overexpression in vaginal cancer and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN). We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library to identify studies published between 1986 and 2017 using PCR-based or Hybrid Capture 2 tests to evaluate the presence of HPV DNA and/or using any method to detect p16 overexpression in VaIN, vaginal squamous cell carcinoma (VaSCC), or other types of vaginal cancer. Applying a random effects model, we estimated the pooled prevalence of HPV and p16 overexpression along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

A mechanistic classification of clinical phenotypes in neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma is a pediatric tumor of the sympathetic nervous system. Its clinical course ranges from spontaneous tumor regression to fatal progression. To investigate the molecular features of the divergent tumor subtypes, we performed genome sequencing on 416 pretreatment neuroblastomas and assessed telomere maintenance mechanisms in 208 of these tumors.

The prognostic value of p16 and p53 expression for survival after vulvar cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The tumor suppressor proteins p16 and p53 have been suggested to have prognostic value in some human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers, however, this has been less well established for vulvar cancer. The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to examine the prognostic value of p16 and p53 expression status on survival after vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC). We conducted a thorough systematic literature search of multiple databases to identify studies examining survival after histolocally verified VSCC that were tested for p16 and/or p53.

Risk of CIN3 or worse with persistence of 13 individual oncogenic HPV types.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is essential in cervical carcinogenesis, however, less is known about the carcinogenic potential of individual HPV types. Our aim was to examine the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) after persistence of 13 individual oncogenic HPV types. Liquid-based cervical samples (n = 40,399) collected in 2002-2005 were tested for HPV by hybrid capture 2 and genotyped with INNO-LiPAv2.

Prognostic Significance of HPV and p16 Status in Men Diagnosed with Penile Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

It has been shown that human papillomavirus (HPV) and p16 status has prognostic value in some HPV-associated cancers. However, studies examining survival in men with penile cancer according to HPV or p16 status are often inconclusive, mainly because of small study populations. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the association between HPV DNA and p16 status and survival in men diagnosed with penile cancer.

[Nationwide survey of postgraduate medical training in clinical neurology].

Background: Currently, no data are available, which reflect the situation of medical doctors specializing in neurology in German hospitals. In order to secure the high standard of neurological patient care it is essential to evaluate the working conditions and the specialty training in neurology.

Objective: This nationwide survey was conducted throughout Germany with the aim to address problems and to give suggestions for improvements in neurological training curricula.

The Use and Safety of TNF Inhibitors during Pregnancy in Women with Psoriasis: A Review.

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease affecting women of childbearing potential. Biologic agents, notably Tumor Necrosis Factor inhibitors (TNFi), are the only current non-contraindicated systemic treatment option during pregnancy. TNFi comprised of complete immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies antibodies (adalimumab, golimumab, and infliximab) actively cross the placenta from the second trimester and are detectable in the child up to one year postpartum.

The EndoC-βH1 cell line is a valid model of human beta cells and applicable for screenings to identify novel drug target candidates.

Objective: To characterize the EndoC-βH1 cell line as a model for human beta cells and evaluate its beta cell functionality, focusing on insulin secretion, proliferation, apoptosis and ER stress, with the objective to assess its potential as a screening platform for identification of novel anti-diabetic drug candidates.

Methods: EndoC-βH1 was transplanted into mice for validation of in vivo functionality. Insulin secretion was evaluated in cells cultured as monolayer and as pseudoislets, as well as in diabetic mice.

Softened food reduces weight loss in the streptozotocin-induced male mouse model of diabetic nephropathy.

The streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse is a widely used model of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, it is a well-known issue that this model is challenged by high weight loss, which despite supportive measures often results in high euthanization rates. To overcome these issues, we hypothesized that supplementing STZ-induced diabetic mice with water-softened chow in addition to normal chow would reduce weight loss, lower the need for supportive treatment, and reduce the number of mice reaching the humane endpoint of 20% weight loss.