Rapid, culture-free detection of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a case of bloodstream infection using genomics.

Timely diagnosis and treatment of sepsis is a major challenge faced by critical care specialists around the world. The traditional blood culture methods have a significant turnaround time which delays targeted therapy leading to poor prognosis. In the current study, we highlight the clinical utility of a genomics solution for diagnosis and management of bloodstream infections by combining the real-time DNA sequencing of Oxford Nanopore Technology with an automated genomic data analysis software.

Whole-genome sequencing of clinical isolates from tuberculosis patients in India: real-world data indicates a high proportion of pre-XDR cases.

Unlabelled: Treatment decisions for tuberculosis (TB) in the absence of full drug-susceptibility data can result in amplifying resistance and may compromise treatment outcomes. Genomics of () from clinical samples enables detection of drug resistance to multiple drugs. We performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for 600 clinical samples from patients with tuberculosis to identify the drug-resistance profile and mutation spectrum.

An integrated method for targeted Oxford Nanopore sequencing and automated bioinformatics for the simultaneous detection of bacteria, fungi, and ARG.

Aims: The use of metagenomics for pathogen identification in clinical practice has been limited. Here we describe a workflow to encourage the clinical utility and potential of NGS for the screening of bacteria, fungi, and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs).

Methods And Results: The method includes target enrichment, long-read sequencing, and automated bioinformatics.

Whole-genome sequencing of presumptive MDR-TB isolates from a tertiary healthcare setting in Mumbai.

Objectives: Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), proven to be a better alternative when compared with the combined sensitivity and specificity of all other modalities for diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), aids epidemiological surveillance investigations by combining the current research with diagnostics. This study was conducted to identify and resolve operational challenges in performing WGS-based drug resistance testing (DRT) for MTB in a TB culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST) laboratory. Three critical, non-redundant steps for WGS-based DRT were tested: viz.

Effect of public-private interface agency in Patna and Mumbai, India: Does it alter durations and delays in care seeking for drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis?

Public-private interface agency (PPIA) intervention models in Patna (E. India) and Mumbai (W. India) for pulmonary drug-sensitive (DS) tuberculosis (TB) patients were evaluated over 2 years after maturity to examine effect on reduction of patient pathways and retention.

Discovery of small molecule binders of human FSHR(TMD) with novel structural scaffolds by integrating structural bioinformatics and machine learning algorithms.

Background: The activation of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) by FSH and the consequent downstream signaling activities are crucial for reproductive health. The role of FSHR in tumor progression as well as osteoporosis advancement has also been well established. Currently, steroid preparations of estrogen and progesterone are being used for managing fertility, in spite of the harmful side effects, as there has not been much success in identification of effective FSHR modulators.

Such a long journey: What health seeking pathways of patients with drug resistant tuberculosis in Mumbai tell us.

Introduction: The Indian Tuberculosis (TB) Programme currently faces the dual challenges of tackling increasing numbers of drug resistant (DR) TB cases and regulating practices of a pluralistic private sector catering to TB patients. A study of health seeking behaviour of DR-TB patients in such a situation, offers an opportunity to understand the problems patients face while interacting with health systems.

Methodology: Forty-six DR-TB patients drawn from 15 high TB burden wards in Mumbai were interviewed using an open ended interview tool.