Improving midwives' management of occiput-posterior fetal positions: a best practice implementation project.

Introduction: The occiput-posterior (OP) fetal position is the most frequent form of labor dystocia. This position has been associated with delaying the second stage of labor and adverse outcomes.

Objectives: This project aimed to improve the quality of intrapartum care provided by midwives for OP fetal positions during the second stage of labor.

Use of Residual Malt from an Artisanal Beer Brewing Process in the Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Nucleating and Structure-Directing Agents.

Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in varied applications, which are morphology dependent. Consequently, a morphology-controlled synthesis is mandatory. Although there are several studies focused on the plant extract-based biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles, the use of extracts obtained from agro-wastes is scant.

Cognitive and functional evolution in older adults with and without intellectual disability using a multicomponent intervention: A prospective longitudinal study.

Background: The global population is experiencing accelerated biopsychosocial aging. Cognitive impairment is frequently associated with functional impairment in basic and instrumental daily living activities. To maintain optimal cognitive and functional functioning, health professionals recommend that older adults participate in cognitive training.

A Novel Approach to Obtain Vaccine Effectiveness Continuous Profiles. Example Case: COVID-19 in Elderly Mexicans.

Population-wide vaccination is the most promising long-term COVID-19 disease management strategy. However, the protection offered by the currently available COVID-19 vaccines wanes over time, requiring boosters to be periodically given, which represents an unattainable challenge, especially if it is necessary to apply several doses per year. Therefore, it is essential to design strategies that contribute to maximizing the control of the pandemic with the available vaccines.

Impact of an Educational Intervention Aimed at Nursing Staff on Oral Hygiene Care on the Incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Adults Ventilated in Intensive Care Unit.

Objectives: This work sought to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on oral hygiene care aimed at nursing care staff, on the incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in adults from an ICU in Colombia.

Methods: Quasi-experimental study pre- and post-educational intervention aimed at nursing staff in which theoretical-practical sessions were conducted during 12 weeks to explain different oral hygiene techniques according to the oral conditions of patients. The study gathered sociodemographic, clinical, and characteristic variables of the oral and dental care received.

Efficacy and Safety of Tranexamic Acid for the Control of Surgical Bleeding in Patients Under Liposuction.

Liposuction remains one of the most frequently performed cosmetic surgical procedures and its popularity is increasing every year. However, since its inception, justified concerns regarding patient safety have placed limits on the volume of fat that can be aspirated, influenced by hemodynamic fluctuations and blood loss during liposuction. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent that competitively inhibits the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, thus preventing the binding and degradation of fibrin.

Association between oral health, pneumonia and mortality in patients of intensive care.

IntroducciÓn: Los pacientes con ventilación mecánica corren riesgo de adquirir neumonía cuando la higiene bucodental es deficiente, a causa de la colonización bacteriana del tracto respiratorio. Se sugiere verificar esta asociación para implementar acciones de prevención.

Objetivo: Identificar la asociación entre el estado de salud bucal, la neumonía asociada a ventilador y la mortalidad en pacientes con ventilación mecánica en un hospital de tercer nivel de Pereira, Colombia.

Heats of combustion of the main carbohydrates contained in plant-source foods.

In a previous review, the experiments of American chemist W.O. Atwater were critically examined, with the findings demonstrating certain weaknesses that could compromise the validity of the values currently used for metabolizable energy.

Heats of combustion representative of the carbohydrate mass contained in fruits, vegetables, or cereals.

The obtainment of suitable values for metabolizable energy requires the previous knowledge of accurate and precise values of the heat of combustion of the different macronutrients. Thus, in this work, the heats of combustion of six carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, starch, and cellulose) were experimentally measured, and such values were statistically compared with equivalent bibliographic values collected in a parallel work (Heats of combustion of the main carbohydrates in vegetable foods: a bibliographic approach, 2019), proposing, for each carbohydrate, an "overall interval" and an actualized representative value, which were estimated considering jointly the bibliographic and experimental information. Besides, a numerical methodology that used such parameters and the relative content of the different carbohydrates in selected foods was proposed, to estimate the global heat of combustion producible by the carbohydrate mass contained in such foods.

A Quantitative Spectroscopic Study of the Bleaching Phenomena in Plasticized Formulations Containing PVC Exposed to Outdoor Conditions.

In this work, a quantitative spectroscopic study of the bleaching phenomena occurring in plasticized formulations containing poly(vinyl chloride) was performed, proposing a general methodology to comparatively analyze the effect of degrading conditions on the polyene accumulation behaviors (PABs) exhibited by a set of tested formulations. In the study, a set of environmental indexes (temperature (T*), UV energy (UV*), and days with rain) were proposed, which allowed for the suitable globalization of the changing environmental conditions occurring throughout the different degrading periods. A procedure to numerically describe the PAB, followed by each formulation undergoing each degrading condition was also proposed, which required only two primary fitting parameters and four secondary fitting parameters.

Two-Dimensional Thin Layer Chromatography-Bioautography Designed to Separate and Locate Metabolites with Antioxidant Activity Contained on .

contains several biologically active compounds, some of them with antioxidant activity. Nevertheless, not all of these compounds have been identified to date. As a first step to achieving such identification, a methodology to perform two-dimensional thin layer chromatography bioautographies on silica gel thin layer chromatography plates was proposed.

Calculating the metabolizable energy of macronutrients: a critical review of Atwater's results.

The current values for metabolizable energy of macronutrients were proposed in 1910. Since then, however, efforts to revise these values have been practically absent, creating a crucial need to carry out a critical analysis of the experimental methodology and results that form the basis of these values. Presented here is an exhaustive analysis of Atwater's work on this topic, showing evidence of considerable weaknesses that compromise the validity of his results.

Effect of Artemisia dracunculus Administration on Glycemic Control, Insulin Sensitivity, and Insulin Secretion in Patients with Impaired Glucose Tolerance.

To evaluate the effect of Artemisia dracunculus on glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed in 24 patients with diagnosis of IGT. Before and after the intervention, glucose and insulin levels were measured every 30 min for 2 h after a 75-g dextrose load, along with glycated hemoglobin A1c (A1C) and lipid profile.

Identification of potential biomarkers from microarray experiments using multiple criteria optimization.

Microarray experiments are capable of determining the relative expression of tens of thousands of genes simultaneously, thus resulting in very large databases. The analysis of these databases and the extraction of biologically relevant knowledge from them are challenging tasks. The identification of potential cancer biomarker genes is one of the most important aims for microarray analysis and, as such, has been widely targeted in the literature.

Effect of vildagliptin on glucose and insulin concentrations during a 24-hour period in type 2 diabetes patients with different ranges of baseline hemoglobin A1c levels.

Background: Currently, it is still unknown whether differences in glycemic control have any effect on glucose and insulin kinetics after vildagliptin administration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vildagliptin on glucose and insulin concentrations during a 24-h period in type 2 diabetes patients with different ranges of baseline hemoglobin A1c (A1C) levels.

Patients And Methods: A randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out in 12 drug-naive adult volunteers with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity.

Potential colon cancer biomarker search using more than two performance measures in a multiple criteria optimization approach.

Objective: A new method using Multiple Criteria Optimization (MCO) proposed by our research group has shown evidence of being able to identify gene-based biomarkers for the detection of cancer using microarray data. Herein, we explore this method, considering more than two conflicting criteria for the MCO problem. Using this method would result in stronger outcomes when using different results from microarray analyses.

Two novel nonparametric methods for cancer diagnosis through microarray analysis.

Diagnosing cancer using microarray analysis to study differential gene expression has been a recent focus of intense research Although several very sophisticated analysis tools have been developed with this aim in mind, it still remains a challenge to keep these methods free of parametric adjustments as well as maintain their transparency for the final user. Nonparametric methods in general have been associated with these last two characteristics, thus becoming attractive tools for microarray analysis in cancer research. In particular, diagnosing cancer via microarray analysis is an exercise whereby tissue is characterized according to its differential gene expression levels.

Folate levels and N(5),N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype (MTHFR) in mothers of offspring with neural tube defects: a case-control study.

Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) have been associated with biochemical factors involved in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine as folate deficiency and the mutation 677T in the N(5),N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR).

Methods: A case-control study was performed to detect this mutation in 38 unrelated women with NTD deceased products and 31 mothers without antecedents of NTD offspring. All products were born in Nuevo León (northeastern Mexico) during 1997.

[Impact of weekly administration of folic acid on folic acid blood levels].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of weekly administration of 5 mg. folic acid (FA) intake on folic acid blood levels.

Material And Methods: This concurrent comparative study was conducted in 1998, in urban and rural areas of Nuevo Leon State, Mexico.

Studies of polymerized sodium N-undecylenyl-L-valinate in chiral micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography of neutral, acidic, and basic compounds.

The polymerized surfactant poly(sodium N-undecylenyl amino L-valinate) [poly(L-SUV)] has been used in micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography for the chiral separation of various acidic and basic drugs, as well as neutral compounds. Under the conditions studied, poly(L-SUV) was shown to be a very versatile anionic chiral selector in the pH range of 5.6-11.

Analysis of sulfamethazine in the presence of sulfamerazine or sulfadiazine by first-derivative photochemically induced fluorescence.

A first-derivative photochemically-induced fluorescence method is proposed for the determination of sulfamethazine (SMTZ) in the presence of sulfamerazine (SMRZ) or sulfadiazine (SDZ). Linear calibration plots were obtained for SMTZ in SMTZ-SMRZ or SMTZ-SDZ binary mixtures with correlation coefficients larger than 0.999.

Host-guest stabilized room temperature phosphorescence in beta-cyclodextrin/ bromoalcohol solutions from 2-naphthyl-oxy-acetic acid and 1-naphthyl-acetic acid.

Room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) from 2-naphthyl-oxy-acetic acid (NOA) and 1-naphthyl-acetic acid (NAA), with stabilization by use of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) as a host system, has been examined. 2-Bromoethanol and 2,3-dibromopropanol have been evaluated as external heavy atom perturbers to enhance the rate of intersystem crossing and, consequently, populating the triplet state for phosphorescence emission. The deoxygenation of the solutions was achieved chemically by use of sodium sulphite.

Spectrofluorimetric determination of sulphonamides in pharmaceutical compounds and foods.

Spectrofluorimetry and room temperature photochemically-induced fluorescence (RTPF) have been applied to the determination of sulphacetamide (SAC), sulphaguanidine (SG) and sulphamethazine (SMT) in milk and pharmaceutical formulations. The methods are suitable for determining 0.02-0.