Pathogenesis and New Pharmacological Approaches to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is responsible for significant adverse effects on cognition, quality of life and work, social relationships, motor skills, and other psychological aspects. The severity of NIHL depends on individual patient characteristics, sound intensity, and mainly the duration of sound exposure. NIHL leads to the production of a reactive oxygen (ROS) inflammatory response and the activation of apoptotic pathways, DNA fragmentation, and cell death.

A comparative morphologic and morphometric study about geniculate ganglion development in man and in rat.

Conclusions: Human-rat geniculate ganglion (GG) have multiple origins: (1) An initial proximity (20 μm) to the endocranial foramen of the IAM, suggests neural crest induction; and (2) The influence of epibranchial placodes: the tensor tympani muscle (TTM) and the otic apical coil.

Objectives: This study was undertaken to determine the comparative development of human-rat GG.

Materials And Methods: A light microscopic study of the GG in human material obtained from spontaneous abortions at 9, 13, 14, 17, 18, and 30 weeks, and one neonate was done.

Effect of neonatal asphyxia on the impairment of the auditory pathway by recording auditory brainstem responses in newborn piglets: a new experimentation model to study the perinatal hypoxic-ischemic damage on the auditory system.

Introduction: Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a major perinatal problem that results in severe damage to the brain impairing the normal development of the auditory system. The purpose of the present study is to study the effect of perinatal asphyxia on the auditory pathway by recording auditory brain responses in a novel animal experimentation model in newborn piglets.

Method: Hypoxia-ischemia was induced to 1.

Biomolecular bases of the senescence process and cancer. A new approach to oncological treatment linked to ageing.

Human ageing is associated with a gradual decline in the physiological functions of the body at multiple levels and it is a key risk factor for many diseases, including cancer. Ageing process is intimately related to widespread cellular senescence, characterised by an irreversible loss of proliferative capacity and altered functioning associated with telomere attrition, accumulation of DNA damage and compromised mitochondrial and metabolic function. Tumour and senescent cells may be generated in response to the same stimuli, where either cellular senescence or transformation would constitute two opposite outcomes of the same degenerative process.

DLK1 regulates branching morphogenesis and parasympathetic innervation of salivary glands through inhibition of NOTCH signalling.

Background Information: Delta-like proteins 1 and 2 (DLK1, 2) are NOTCH receptor ligands containing epidermal growth factor-like repeats, which regulate NOTCH signalling. We investigated the role of DLK and the NOTCH pathway in the morphogenesis of the submandibular salivary glands (SMGs), using in vitro organotypic cultures.

Results: DLK1 and 2 were present in all stages of SMG morphogenesis, where DLK1 inhibited both NOTCH activity and SMG branching.

Morphological and morphometric study on human Scarpa ganglion development.

Conclusion: In Scarpa neurons the cell and nuclear area increases and nuclear/cytoplasm ratio decreases with fetal age (p < 0.0001). There are statistically significant differences in cell area between all fetal groups, except for the interval 45-74 mm crown-rump-length (CRL).

Usefulness of the BAST-24 smell and taste test in the study of diabetic patients: a new approach to the determination of renal function.

Conclusion: A reduction in the percentage of correct responses in the olfactory test indirectly indicated increased albuminuria and worse glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in diabetic patients. The olfactory function test is an indirect indicator of early microvascular complications in diabetic patients.

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent disease that causes numerous complications.

Principles of cranial base ossification in humans and rats.

Conclusions: 1. The principle of bilateral symmetry depends on the chordal cartilage that is the keystone in cranial base ossification in rats and humans, due to its anatomical situation and for the production of the chordin protein that regulates the bone morphogenetic protein BMP-7. 2.

The predictive value of clinical and epidemiological parameters in the identification of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA): a clinical prediction algorithm in the evaluation of OSA.

We sought to analyze the predictive value of anthropometric, clinical and epidemiological parameters in the identification of patients with suspected OSA, and their relationship with apnoea/hypopnoea respiratory events during sleep. We studied retrospectively 433 patients with OSA, 361 men (83.37%) and 72 women (16.