Primary bone lymphoma.

Primary bone lymphoma is a rare condition which represents a low percentage of both the malignant primary bone tumours and the non-Hodgkin extranodal lymphoma. This explains the lack of publications, lines of investigations, and specific diagnostic and treatment protocols. In the following article we will carry out a revision of the existing literature on this rare subject, using as argument a clinical case of left femoral location stage IE treated with CHOP chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Relationship between degree of cellular differentiation in colorectal cancer and topographical distribution.

Objectives: To demonstrate the relationship between degree of cellular differentiation in colorectal cancer and topographical distribution in 215 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer from 1997 to 2000.

Material And Methods: 215 patients (129 men and 86 women) were studied prospectively with a mean age of 64 years (range: 23-84 years). In all patients we performed a full colonoscopy with several biopsies (in patients with colon stenosis we used barium enema), radiographic studies (CT, abdominal ultrasounds), and laboratory tests for serum tumour markers (CEA, Ca 19-9, alpha-fetoprotein).

Sinonasal radiation-associated osteosarcoma after combined therapy for rhabdomyosarcoma of the nose.

Radiation-associated (RA) osteosarcomas (OS) are exceptional in children, presenting more frequently in middle-aged and elderly patients. This is a case report of RA-OS of the sinonasal cavities in a 13-yr-old girl after combined therapy for rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) of the nose diagnosed at the age of five. The treatment of choice is radical surgery with wide margins and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

A Monte Carlo approach for small electron beam dosimetry.

Background And Purpose: In treatments where it is necessary to conform the field shape yielding a very small effective beam area, dosimetry and conventional treatment planning may be inaccurate. The Monte Carlo (MC) method can be an alternative to verify dose calculations. A conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues lymphoma is presented, to show the importance of an independent assessment in critical situations.

[Palliative radiotherapy of bladder cancer].

Objective: To present the results of a retrospective study which was conducted to analyze the utility of palliative radiotherapy in advanced bladder cancer and to evaluate the results of the different fractionation regimens in relation to the response rate and its duration, overall survival and side effects.

Methods: During a 10-year period, 56 patients with locally advanced bladder cancer received palliative external radiotherapy for the symptoms arising from their condition. The following fractionation schedules were mainly used: conventional irradiation with 40-60 Gy in 22-23 fractions in 20 cases and a low dose of 30 Gy in 10 fractions in 23.

A conformal technique for a ring shaped conjunctive lymphoma treatment.

Radiotherapy is commonly utilised as standard treatment in the so called mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), due to the low probability of distant relapse. The particularities of the lesion, make necessary both energy degradation and beam conformation. To keep homogeneity within acceptable limits, a lengthener attached to the electron applicator has been devised to closely fit the anatomy of the patient.