Association of Plasma Biomarkers With Longitudinal Atrophy and Microvascular Burden on MRI Across Neurodegenerative and Cerebrovascular Diseases.

Background And Objectives: Plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer disease (AD), neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration are increasingly being used in clinical trials for diagnosis and monitoring of dementia. However, their association with longitudinal structural brain MRI changes, an important outcome measure across neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases, is less known. We investigated how baseline plasma biomarkers reflect MRI markers of progression over time in patients with neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases.

A randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of a multi-step oral hygiene product intervention to improve oral health in partial denture wearers.

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-step oral hygiene intervention among removal partial denture (RPD) wearers.

Methods: A 12-week, single-blind, randomised, 2-armed, parallel-group, controlled trial was conducted with 49 RPD-wearing participants with mild-moderate gingivitis. The intervention group received stannous fluoride toothpaste, sodium fluoride mouth rinse, and an antibacterial denture cleanser foam.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Gestational Non-Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Background/aim: Ovarian cancer is categorized into epithelial ovarian cancer and non-epithelial ovarian cancer (NEOC), with NEOC accounting for approximately 10% of cases, predominantly affecting young women and adolescents. The incidence of gestational ovarian cancer is expected to rise in developed nations due to delayed childbearing. NEOC in pregnancy presents various risks, including spontaneous abortion, ventriculomegaly, respiratory distress, and maternal-fetal mortality.

Antimicrobial resistance and epidemiological aspects of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the province of Lleida, Spain (2017-2024).

Introduction: Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) is one of the main causes of sexually transmitted infections and it is reaching high resistance levels worldwide. The aim of this study was to describe the antibiotic resistance, incidence and circulating sequence types of NG in the province of Lleida (Spain).

Methods: A total of 487 NG isolates were included in the study (2017-2024).

Evaluation of the effect of metformin as a radiosensitiser in solid tumours: A systematic review.

Background: Metformin is an antidiabetic drug that has shown its benefit in increasing the effect of radiotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors in preclinical studies. The objective of this systematic review is to study the effect of metformin as a radiosensitizer in studies carried out in clinical practice.

Methods: Systematic review carried out according to PRISMA criteria of clinical trials, systematic reviews and observational studies focused on the influence of metformin as a radiosensitizer in solid tumors.

Hardware-efficient quantum error correction via concatenated bosonic qubits.

To solve problems of practical importance, quantum computers probably need to incorporate quantum error correction, in which a logical qubit is redundantly encoded in many noisy physical qubits. The large physical-qubit overhead associated with error correction motivates the search for more hardware-efficient approaches. Here, using a superconducting quantum circuit, we realize a logical qubit memory formed from the concatenation of encoded bosonic cat qubits with an outer repetition code of distance d = 5 (ref.

PolyDeep Advance 1: Clinical Validation of a Computer-Aided Detection System for Colorectal Polyp Detection with a Second Observer Design.

PolyDeep is a computer-aided detection and characterization system that has demonstrated a high diagnostic yield for in vitro detection of colorectal polyps. Our objective is to compare the diagnostic performance of expert endoscopists and PolyDeep for colorectal polyp detection. PolyDeep Advance 1 (NCT05514301) is an unicentric diagnostic test study with a second observer design.

Enhancing Patient Engagement and Hypertension Control Rates through Tailored Technical Assistance in Community Health Centers.

Tailored technical assistance enhances patient and provider engagement and hypertension control in community health centers. Addressing each center's particular needs, the approach described here focused on self-measured blood pressure monitoring, training, and skills-building, and strengthening community-clinic linkages. Systematic approaches to stakeholder engagement can enhance health care delivery and improve hypertension control rates.

Self-Trephination Resulting in Exposed Brain Matter and Cerebral Abscess in a Schizophrenic Patient With Delusions.

A 56-year-old woman with schizophrenia presented with persistent foreign body delusions, who chronically excavated her scalp and skull, resulting in a large cranial wound with granulation tissue, purulent discharge, and pneumocephalus. CT scans revealed bilateral subdural hematomas (SDH), polymicrobial osteomyelitis, and a brain abscess causing cerebral edema. The neurosurgical intervention involved cranial washout, debridement, and scalp reconstruction via rotational flap closure, followed by broad-spectrum antibiotics tailored to culture results.

Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotyping among healthy adult populations in the United States and Europe: results from the PROGRESS (PRevalence of Oral hpv infection, a Global aSSessment) study.

Background: HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing in incidence, yet there are few well-designed oral HPV epidemiology studies in general populations. This study assessed oral HPV prevalence and risk-factors among a general population in Europe and the United States (US).

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2020 and July 2023 in 105 dental offices in France, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom (UK) and US.

SABR tolerance after prostatectomy: pushing the boundaries of ultrahypofractionation.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and tolerance of ultra-hypofractionated SABR (stereotactic ablative radiation therapy) protocol following radical prostatectomy.

Patients And Methods: We included patients undergoing adjuvant or salvage SABR between April 2019 and April 2023 targeting the surgical bed and pelvic lymph nodes up to a total dose of 36.25 Gy (7.

Venoms and Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier in Venom Biology.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticle-sized vesicles secreted by nearly all cell types under normal physiological conditions. In toxicological research, EVs have emerged as a crucial link between public health and multi-omics approaches, offering insights into cellular responses to disease-causing injury agents such as environmental and biological toxins, contaminants, and drugs. Notably, EVs present a unique opportunity to deepen our understanding of the pathophysiology of envenomation by natural toxins.

Facing migration under adverse conditions: challenges and resilience in the Colombo-Venezuelan border area.

Background: Internal displacement and cross-country migration are an increasing global phenomenon drawing the attention of politicians and the public. Causes and effects on the migrants and receptor populations are varied and often shaped by immigration laws and how migrants and refugees are being dealt with by local conditions, policy frameworks and by the host population (receptors). The massive influx of Venezuelan migrants into Colombia for more than a decade has characteristics which warrant a systematic analysis to identify contextual and individual factors favouring and hindering the well-being of migrants and their new Colombian neighbours of the receptor population.

Single and multitarget stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with single isocenter in the treatment of multiple brain metastases (BM): institutional experience.

Introduction: SRS for the treatment of limited brain metastases (BM) is widely accepted, but there are still limitations in the management of numerous BM. Frameless single-isocenter multitarget SRS is a novel technique that allows for rapid treatment delivery to multiple BM. We report our preliminary clinical, dosimetric, and patient´s shifts outcomes with this technique.

[Case Report: Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Difficult-to-manage Pain and Persistent Urinary Retention].

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy that affects the peripheral nervous system, predominantly impairing motor function. Pain, both somatic and neuropathic, is reported in 89% of cases and is refractory to first-line analgesics in most of these. We present the case of a 75-year-old woman with an acute presentation of areflexic flaccid tetraparesis compatible with GBS.

Assessment of the Effects of Harvesting Period of Clusia fluminensis Planch. and Triana Fruits on Neutralization of the Toxic Activities of Bothrops jararacussu Snake Venom.

Snakebite envenomation is a public health issue that can lead to mortality and physical consequences. It is estimated that 5.4 million venomous snake bites occur annually, with 130 000 deaths and 400 000 amputations.

Assessing the Interactions between Snake Venom Metalloproteinases and Hydroxamate Inhibitors Using Kinetic and ITC Assays, Molecular Dynamics Simulations and MM/PBSA-Based Scoring Functions.

species are the main cause of snake bites in rural communities of tropical developing countries of Central and South America. Envenomation by snakes is characterized by prominent local inflammation, hemorrhage and necrosis as well as systemic hemostatic disturbances. These pathological effects are mainly caused by the major toxins of the viperidae venoms, the snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs).

The Effect of Purified Opharin Isolated from the Venom of King Cobra () in Modulating Macrophage Inflammatory Responses and Vascular Integrity.

King cobra () venom comprises a diverse array of proteins and peptides. However, the roles and properties of these individual components are still not fully understood. Among these, Cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRiSPs) are recognized but not fully characterized.

Venom from Spiders Collected in Southeastern and Northeastern Brazilian Regions Cause Hemotoxic Effects on Human Blood Components.

Spiders of the genus represent a public health problem in Brazil due to the severity of the cutaneous and systemic effects that may result from their bite. In the systemic form of loxoscelism, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation can occur. Despite the seriousness of accidents, the venom of some species has not yet been properly characterized considering these hemotoxic effects, such as that of , , and .

[Translated article] National survey and consensus document on dosing strategies for beta-lactam antibiotics against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) in critically ill patients undergoing extracorporeal life-support techniques: The DOSEBL study protocol.

Introduction: Infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) in critically ill patients present a challenge for timely and appropriate antibiotic treatment. This is particularly important in patients undergoing extracorporeal life-support techniques such as renal replacement therapy and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. These techniques can introduce additional pharmacokinetic alterations, potentially leading to suboptimal exposure to antibiotics.

The association between pre-pregnancy and first-trimester hair cortisol and preterm birth: a causal inference model.

Adverse life events and chronic psychological distress before and during pregnancy have frequently been associated with preterm birth but the biological underpinnings remain unclear. We investigated the association between corticosteroid levels in pre-pregnancy and first-trimester hair and the risk of preterm birth. We followed N = 1,807 pregnant women from a prospective pre-birth cohort study in Lima, Perú.

Handgrip strength, cardiometabolic risk and body composition in youth with type 1 diabetes: the Diactive-1 Cohort Study.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between handgrip strength, cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and body composition in youth with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: For this prospective cohort study, muscular fitness was assessed via handgrip test and relativised by weight, and body composition, evaluated through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in type 1 diabetes patients aged 6-18 years. CMR score included z-scores for total body fat, blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride-glucose index.

Quality of life and quality of sleep in health professionals working in critical areas.

Introduction: Emergency rooms and intensive care units in hospitals are physically and mentally stressful for health personnel and can negatively affect them.

Objectives: To evaluate and to compare the quality of life and quality of sleep of emergency room and intensive care unit personnel.

Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted with 117 civil servants, including physicians, nurses, and licensed practical nurses.

Biomarkers of Frailty in Patients with Advanced Chronic Liver Disease Undergoing a Multifactorial Intervention Consisting of Home Exercise, Branched-Chain Amino Acids, and Probiotics.

Frailty in cirrhosis or advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) is a relevant prognostic factor. In the present study, we aimed to analyze potential biomarkers associated with frailty and its improvement in patients with ACLD. We analyzed the serum of outpatients with ACLD who participated in a previous study (Román, Hepatol Commun 2024) in which frailty was assessed using the liver frailty index (LFI), and patients who were frail or prefrail were randomized to a multifactorial intervention (home exercise, branched-chain amino acids, and probiotics) or control for 12 months.