Maternal undernourished fetal kidneys exhibit differential regulation of nephrogenic genes including downregulation of the Notch signaling pathway.

Maternal undernutrition results in offspring nephron number reduction and hypertension that are hypothesized to begin as compensatory changes in fetal gene expression during gestation. To evaluate mechanisms of dysregulated nephrogenesis, pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were 50% food restricted from embryonic day (E) 10 to E20. At E20, fetal male kidneys were examined by microarray analysis.

Relationship among age, race, medical funding, and cervical cancer survival.

Objective: To examine the impact of age, race, and medical funding on cervical cancer survival.

Materials And Methods: Study design was a retrospective chart review of cervical cancer patients. Charts were abstracted for demographic characteristics, Pap smear history, clinical presentation, treatment, and survival.