Synthesis and dimerization of chloro[10]cycloparaphenylene: a directly connected cycloparaphenylene dimer.

The first synthesis and dimerization of monochlorinated [10]cycloparaphenylene (chloro[10]CPP) are described. By assembling a chlorinated 1,4-diborylbenzene unit with brominated and borylated cis-1,4-diphenylcyclohexane units by Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, a triangle-shaped chloro-containing macrocycle was synthesized. The acid-mediated "cyclohexane-to-benzene" aromatization afforded chloro[10]CPP without losing the chloro group.

Size-selective complexation and extraction of endohedral metallofullerenes with cycloparaphenylene.

A new strategy for the non-chromatographic extraction of metallofullerenes from solutions of arc-processed raw soot is based on the size-selective complexation with cycloparaphenylene (CPP). [11]CPP has a high affinity for Mx @C82 (x=1, 2); for example, Gd@C82 can be selectively extracted from a fullerene mixture by the addition of [11]CPP. This approach should open new opportunities in metallofullerene chemistry, including for the bulk extraction of metallofullerenes.

Combined experimental and theoretical studies on the photophysical properties of cycloparaphenylenes.

We studied the UV-vis absorption and fluorescence in solution/solid states of [n]cycloparaphenylene ([n]CPP: n = 9, 12, 14, 15, and 16), and conducted theoretical studies to better understand the experimental results. The representative experimental findings include (i) the most intense absorption maxima (λ(abs1)) display remarkably close values (338-339 nm), (ii) the longest-wavelength absorption maxima (λ(abs2)) are blue-shifted with increasing the ring size (395 → 365 nm), (iii) the emission maxima (λ(em)) are blue-shifted with increasing the ring size (494 → 438 nm for longest-wavelength maxima), (iv) the fluorescent quantum yields (Φ(F)) in solution are high (0.73-0.