[Evaluation of the relationship between household economic situation and food group intake in children attending nursery school].

Objectives　The relationship between household income and dietary intake among older children and adults in Japan has been studied. However, few studies have examined the relationship in younger children, and we believe that this should be taken into consideration from early childhood to correct health disparities. In this study, we examined the relationship between family income and dietary food group intake, and investigated the adequacy of food intake based on the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top for young children aged 3 to 6 years attending nursery school.

Association between sodium and potassium excretion estimated from spot urine and socioeconomic status among primary school children and their mothers in Okinawa, Japan.

Hypertension is the greatest and the most preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Excessive sodium (Na) intake and insufficient potassium (K) intake have been identified as risk factors for hypertension. Socioeconomic status (SES) may be related to diet quality.

Comparison of Analyzed and Calculated Values of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Intake from Hospital Diet.

Intake of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from nutritionally controlled hospital diet was analyzed and compared with those estimated by calculation. Thirty meals provided at a hospital in Okinawa were sampled. GABA content per meal were measured by HPLC and calculated from GABA content data in foods as much as available.

Dietary instructions focusing on meal-sequence and nutritional balance for prediabetes subjects: An exploratory, cluster-randomized, prospective, open-label, clinical trial.

Background: Although lifestyle modifications are known to be effective in type 2 diabetes (T2D) as well as in prediabetes, adherence to a healthy diet is difficult for some, and interventions of lifestyle modifications need to be revised occasionally. Meal sequence has been gaining attention as a part of a healthy diet among T2D individuals to improve glycemia and body weight. In addition, a dietary instruction program, SMART Washoku®, which can help individuals to consume a more nutritionally balanced diet, has been developed.

Abnormal urinalysis on day 7 in patients with IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura).

Rare progression to renal failure imposes a burden on children with IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura, HSP). An abnormal urinalysis on day 7 (7d-UA) may be a surrogate marker for persistent nephritis, but this has not been established. We retrospectively analyzed the risk factors for persistent nephritis in a cohort of 138 children.

Fibroblast growth factor-23 and phosphorus related factors in young Japanese women: a cross-sectional study.

Phosphorus homeostasis is determined by dietary intake, intestinal absorption, and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphorus. Serum fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is considered to be a sensitive early biomarker of disordered phosphorus metabolism in both patients with chronic kidney diseases and healthy subjects. However, the number of studies evaluating serum FGF-23 concentrations in healthy subjects is limited.

Relationships between birth weight and serum cholesterol levels in healthy Japanese late adolescents.

Poor growth in utero has been suggested to be associated with adverse levels of serum cholesterol concentrations in later life. In Asia, there have only been a limited number of studies examining the relationship between fetal status and serum lipids, especially in adolescents. The objective of this study was to examine the relationships between birth weight and serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels; adjusting for current physical status including percent body fat, physical activity and nutrient intake in healthy Japanese late adolescents.

The relationship between habitual dietary phosphorus and calcium intake, and bone mineral density in young Japanese women: a cross-sectional study.

Phosphorus and calcium are essential for bone health. There is a concern that a low calcium/phosphorus intake ratio resulting from low calcium intake coupled with high phosphorus intake may have a negative effect on bone mineral status, especially in Western countries. The objective of this study was to examine cross-sectionally the influence of habitual phosphorus and calcium intake and the calcium/phosphorus intake ratio on the bone mineral density (BMD) in 441 young Japanese women (aged 18-22) whose calcium/phosphorus intake ratio was assumed to be lower than young Western women.

Natural saline-flush is sufficient to maintain patency of immobilized-urokinase double-lumen catheter used to provide temporary blood access for hemodialysis.

Background: Thrombotic occlusion is a frequent complication of central venous catheters used to provide temporary blood access on hemodialysis therapy. Heparin-lock is conventionally used to maintain patency of the catheter, but the necessity of heparin-lock has not been determined yet.

Methods: After the immobilized-urokinase double-lumen central venous catheter was inserted into 48 Japanese hemodialysis patients, 22 patients randomized to the heparin group received a 20-ml saline-flush, followed by 2 ml of 1,000 U/ml heparin-lock, and 26 patients randomized to the saline group received only the 20-ml saline-flush once a day for each lumen.