Impact of resistance training and chicken intake on vascular and muscle health in elderly women.

Background: Resistance training is a well-known exercise therapy for preventing and improving lacks of muscle mass, strength, and quality with advances in age; however, its effects on arterial stiffness are not beneficial. Additionally, a higher intake of protein, which is an effective nutrient for muscle health, results in lower arterial stiffness. Whether the combination of moderate to high-intensity resistance training and high-protein intake would improve muscle mass, strength, and quality and cancel the resistance training-induced increase in arterial stiffness in elderly women remains unclear.

Differences in sarcopenia indices in elderly Japanese women and their relationships with obesity classified according to waist circumference, BMI, and body fat percentage.

Background: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is defined as a decrease in lean body mass and an increase in body fat mass (BFM) due to aging. Detecting SO in elderly women is important from the perspective of extending healthy life expectancy. While various indices of SO are currently used, there is no global consensus regarding diagnostic criteria for SO.

Effect of resistance training and chicken meat on muscle strength and mass and the gut microbiome of older women: A randomized controlled trial.

This study investigated the effects of white meat, such as chicken, intake combined with resistance training on muscle mass and strength in the elderly women, and whether the underlying mechanism involves changes in the gut microbiota. Ninety-three volunteers (age 59-79 years) were randomly allocated to sedentary control with placebo (Sed + PL) or chicken meat (Sed + HP) and resistance training with placebo (RT + PL) or chicken meat (RT + HP). Resistance training sessions were performed 3 d/week for 12 weeks using leg extensions and curls.

A comparative study on dietary diversity and gut microbial diversity in children with autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, their neurotypical siblings, and non-related neurotypical volunteers: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Previous research has shown a significant link between gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, much remains unknown because of the heterogeneity of disorders and the potential confounders such as dietary patterns and control group variations.

Methods: Children aged 6-12 years who had been clinically diagnosed with ASD and/or ADHD, their unaffected neurotypical siblings, and non-related neurotypical volunteers were recruited cross-sectionally.

Intestinal metabolites predict treatment resistance of patients with depression and anxiety.

Background: The impact of the gut microbiota on neuropsychiatric disorders has gained much attention in recent years; however, comprehensive data on the relationship between the gut microbiome and its metabolites and resistance to treatment for depression and anxiety is lacking. Here, we investigated intestinal metabolites in patients with depression and anxiety disorders, and their possible roles in treatment resistance.

Results: We analyzed fecal metabolites and microbiomes in 34 participants with depression and anxiety disorders.

Wavily Curved Perylene Diimides: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photovoltaic Properties.

Solubility enhancement is a key issue for developing the perylene diimide-based functional materials. Introduction of curved structure proved an effective solubilizing method without employing steric repulsion. In this work, wavily curved perylene diimides were developed as a new family of highly soluble curved perylene diimides.

Vertical Subluxation Caused by Infection Around the Odontoid Process: A Case Report.

Introduction: There are few reports of cases with vertical subluxation. We report our experience of a vertical subluxation of the atlantoaxial joint caused by infection.

Case Report: A 63-year-old man had a 5-month history of neck pain.

[A Case of Resection of T2N0 Colon Cancer with Synchronous Solitary Lung Metastasis].

A 73-year-old man was referred to our hospital for anemia. He underwent a colonoscopy; a 15-mm Ip polyp and a 30- mm type 1 lesion were found in the sigmoid colon. Pathological examination results indicated a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma.

Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients With Acute Schizophrenia.

Introduction Schizophrenia symptom severity is linked to neuroinflammation. Certain blood cell indexes such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neutrophil-albumin ratio (NAR) have been used as biomarkers in various diseases, including schizophrenia. In acute clinical practice, it is challenging to decide whether to provide intravenous antipsychotic treatment in some cases due to the lack of objective biomarkers of psychiatric symptoms.

The relationship between sleep, gut microbiota, and metabolome in patients with depression and anxiety: A secondary analysis of the observational study.

Background: Growing attention is paid to the association between alterations in the gut microbiota and their metabolites in patients with psychiatric disorders. Our study aimed to determine how gut microbiota and metabolomes are related to the sleep quality among patients with depression and anxiety disorders by analyzing the datasets of our previous study.

Methods: Samples were collected from 40 patients (depression: 32 patients [80.

Relationships between circulating irisin levels, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiometabolic risk: a cross-sectional study in Japanese adults.

High cardiorespiratory fitness levels achieved through regular aerobic exercise are associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk. The exercise-induced myokine irisin possibly mediates these associations, but these relationships are unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationships between circulating irisin levels, cardiorespiratory fitness levels, and cardiometabolic risk factors adjusted for sex and age.

Negative Effects of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis on Bone Fusion after Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Study Design: This study adopted a retrospective cohort study design.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the influence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) on bone fusion after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Overview Of Literature: The negative effects of DISH on lumbar degenerative diseases have been reported, and DISH may be involved in the onset and severity of lumbar spinal canal stenosis.

Chemogenetic Activation of Oxytocin Neurons Improves Pain in a Reserpine-induced Fibromyalgia Rat Model.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome characterized by chronic pain with depression as a frequent comorbidity. However, efficient management of the pain and depressive symptoms of FM is lacking. Given that endogenous oxytocin (OXT) contributes to the regulation of pain and depressive disorders, herein, we investigated the role of OXT in an experimental reserpine-induced FM model.

Relationships between locomotive and non-locomotive MVPA and '' in older Japanese adults.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) of moderate to vigorous intensity (MVPA) and in older Japanese adults. We evaluated the amount of PA using an activity meter equipped with a three-axis accelerometer. The measured activities were classified into locomotive PA and non-locomotive PA to clarify not only the relationship between MVPA and , but the types of activities that lead to increased as well.

Relationships between physical, cognitive, and social frailty and locomotive and non-locomotive physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between physical, cognitive, and social frailty and locomotive and non-locomotive physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity in community-dwelling older adults and to explore effective intervention methods for preventing frailty. [Participants and Methods] Participants were 82 community-dwelling Japanese older males and females. Measurement items included basic information (age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, and the number of underlying diseases), physical activity, and assessment of physical, cognitive, and social frailty.

Efficacy and safety of lemborexant as an alternative drug for patients with insomnia taking gamma-aminobutyric acid-benzodiazepine receptor agonists or suvorexant.

Background: Although gamma-aminobutyric acid-benzodiazepine (GABA-BZ) receptor agonists are used to treat insomnia, their long-term or high-dosage use causes adverse events. Nevertheless, evidence regarding the discontinuation and replacement of GABA-BZ receptor agonists with alternative agents is lacking. Suvorexant (SUX), an existing orexin receptor antagonist, is effective in preventing nocturnal awakening in 70%-75% of patients with insomnia.

Nanoencapsulation Boosts the Copper-Induced Defense Responses of a Susceptible Cultivar against .

Due to the environmental risks of conventional Cu-based fungicides, Cu-loaded chitosan nanoparticles have been developed as nano-pesticides, aiming to protect plants against different diseases. In this sense, the objective was to verify the effects of chitosan nanoparticles containing Cu ions on leaf discs of cv. IPR 100 infected with .

Interaction Between Sarcopenic Obesity and Nonlocomotive Physical Activity on the Risk of Depressive Symptoms in Community-Dwelling Older Adult Japanese Women.

This study aimed to investigate the interaction between sarcopenic obesity and locomotive and nonlocomotive physical activity (PA) on the risk of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older Japanese women. Participants were 143 community-dwelling older women aged 64-94 years. PA was measured using a three-axis accelerometer.

Effects of water exercise on body composition and components of metabolic syndrome in older females with sarcopenic obesity.

[Purpose] Very few studies have been conducted on the benefits of water exercise for older adults with sarcopenic obesity. Whether the water exercise intervention is effective for improving sarcopenia and/or obesity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of water exercise on body composition and components of metabolic syndrome in older females with sarcopenic obesity.

The Potential Impact of Age on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Secondary Analysis of the Prospective Observational Study.

We aimed to investigate the impact of aging on the relationship among the composition of gut microbiota, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, and the course of treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) by analyzing the datasets from our previous study. Patients with MDD were recruited, and their stools were collected at three time points (baseline, midterm, and endpoint) following the usual antidepressant treatment. Gut microbiota were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Overlap of Physical, Cognitive, and Social Frailty Affects Ikigai in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults.

This study aimed to investigate whether the overlap of physical, cognitive, and social frailty affects Ikigai in community-dwelling Japanese older adults. Participants were 116 community-dwelling older adult Japanese men and women. Associations of physical, cognitive, and social frailty with falls, daily living assessment, and Ikigai were analyzed by group comparisons and multivariate analyses.