Thermal sensitivity of Rhinella arenarum tadpole at low concentrations of dimethoate pesticides.

One of the main causes of contamination of aquatic environments, which affects biotic communities, is the use of pesticides in agricultural regions. Amphibians are considered good bio-indicators of aquatic pollution, because they are one of the most susceptible groups to pollution. Several studies suggest that both pollution and climate change produce synergistic effects in amphibians which amplify the toxicity afecting survival, and malformations with an increase in temperature.

Changes in thermal sensitivity of Rhinella arenarum tadpoles (Anura: Bufonidae) exposed to sublethal concentrations of different pesticide fractions (Lorsban® 75WG).

The intensive use of agrochemicals and the rapid increase of global temperatures have modified the thermal conditions of aquatic environments, thus increasing amphibians' vulnerability to global warming and positioning them at great risk. Commercial formulations of chlorpyrifos (COM) are the pesticides most widely used in agricultural activities, with a high toxic potential on amphibians. However, little is known about the separate effects of the active ingredient (CPF) and adjuvants (AD).

Testosterone is closely related to Leydig cell activity, environmental factors, and androgen receptor distribution in adult male lizards of Liolaemus cuyanus (Reptilia: Liolaemidae) during the reproductive cycle.

Testosterone, the primary sex hormone in male lizards, is closely linked to Leydig cell activity (the cells where steroidogenesis occurs) throughout the reproductive cycle, but testosterone action is related to androgen receptors (ARs) distribution in the seminiferous epithelium. In temperate zones, environmental factors detected through the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, downregulate plasma testosterone, resulting in a seasonal reproductive cycle. The aim of this work is to study plasma testosterone in adult male lizards of Liolaemus cuyanus, an oviparous species, throughout its reproductive cycle and its relationship with Leydig cell histology, TotalLeydigCell/ActiveLeydigCell (TLC/ALC) ratio, environmental factors (temperature, relative humidity and solar irradiation) and ARs distribution in seminiferous epithelium.

Temporal variation of thermal sensitivity to global warming: Acclimatization in the guitarist beetle, Megelenophorus americanus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from the Monte Desert.

Global warming is a major threat to biodiversity, the increase in mean temperature plus the higher rate and intensity of heat waves can severely affect organisms by exposing them to temperatures beyond their tolerance limits. Desert ectotherms are particularly vulnerable due to their dependence on environmental temperatures in an extreme habitat. Thermal tolerance changes depending on environmental conditions, studying these fluctuations provides a better understanding of species susceptibility to global warming.

Recognition of Heavy Metals by Using Resorcin[4]arenes Soluble in Water.

The complexing properties of two water-soluble resorcin[4]arenes (tetrasodium 5,11,17,23-tetrakissulfonatemethylen 2,8,14,20-tetra(butyl)resorcin[4]arene, NaBRA, and tetrasodium 5,11,17,23-tetrakissulfonatemethylen-2,8,14,20-tetra(2-(methylthio)ethyl)resorcin[4]arene, NaSRA) with polluting heavy metals such as Cu, Pb, Cd and Hg were studied by conductivity, and the findings were confirmed by using other techniques to try to apply this knowledge to removing them. The results indicate that NaBRA is able to complex Cu in a 1:1 ratio and Pb in a 1:2 ratio, while NaSRA complexes Hg in a 1:1 ratio. On the contrary, no indications have been observed that either of the resorcin[4]arenes studied complexes the Cd ions.

A Stakeholder-Engaged Approach to Development of an Animal-Assisted Intervention for Obesity Prevention Among Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Pet Dogs.

Stakeholder involvement in research has been demonstrated to increase the effectiveness, validity, and quality of a study. This paper describes the engagement of a stakeholder panel in the development and implementation of an animal-assisted intervention (AAI) assessment and program for children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Canines for Autism Activity and Nutrition (CAAN) aims to promote physical activity and wellness among children diagnosed with ASD by integrating activities with their pet dog during the child's ongoing Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) in-home therapy sessions.

Vulnerability to climate change of a microendemic lizard species from the central Andes.

Given the rapid loss of biodiversity as consequence of climate change, greater knowledge of ecophysiological and natural history traits are crucial to determine which environmental factors induce stress and drive the decline of threatened species. Liolaemus montanezi (Liolaemidae), a xeric-adapted lizard occurring only in a small geographic range in west-central Argentina, constitutes an excellent model for studies on the threats of climate change on such microendemic species. We describe field data on activity patterns, use of microhabitat, behavioral thermoregulation, and physiology to produce species distribution models (SDMs) based on climate and ecophysiological data.

Predicting healthcare-associated infections, length of stay, and mortality with the nursing intensity of care index.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were (1) to develop and validate a simulation model to estimate daily probabilities of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), length of stay (LOS), and mortality using time varying patient- and unit-level factors including staffing adequacy and (2) to examine whether HAI incidence varies with staffing adequacy.

Setting: The study was conducted at 2 tertiary- and quaternary-care hospitals, a pediatric acute care hospital, and a community hospital within a single New York City healthcare network.

Patients: All patients discharged from 2012 through 2016 (N = 562,435).

Benzodiazepines: Their Use either as Essential Medicines or as Toxics Substances.

This review highlights the nature, characteristics, properties, pharmacological differences between different types of benzodiazepines, the mechanism of action in the central nervous system, and the degradation of benzodiazepines. In the end, the efforts to reduce the benzodiazepines' adverse effects are shown and a reflection is made on the responsible uses of these medications.

Convergent observations of MK-801-induced impairment in rat 5C-CPT performance across laboratories: reversal with a D but not nicotinic agonist.

Introduction: Cognitive function is closely linked to functional outcomes in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, however developing effective treatments for cognitive dysfunction have proven elusive. Potential reasons for this may include the complexity of diseases, the absence of appropriate and translatable animal tests of cognitive dysfunction, and the reproducibility of findings. Attention is a key component of cognitive function traditionally assessed in the clinic using a variant of the continuous performance test (CPT).

Novel Strategies for Predicting Healthcare-Associated Infections at Admission: Implications for Nursing Care.

Background: Accurate, real-time models to predict hospital adverse events could facilitate timely and targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes. Advances in computing enable the use of supervised machine learning (SML) techniques to predict hospital-onset infections.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to trial SML methods to predict urinary tract infections (UTIs) during inpatient hospitalization at the time of admission.

Thermophilic response post feeding in Pleurodema nebulosum (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from Monte desert, Argentina.

We studied the thermophilic response to feeding of a typical desert adapted anuran from the Monte Desert. Our aim was to evaluate thermal changes in the selected body temperature of adult frogs of Pleurodema nebulosum, and measure the intestinal passage time, and food digestion. Our results show that after feeding, they selected higher micro-environmental temperatures ~ + 2 °C than frogs that remained starved.

Heterogeneity of clinical management of low-grade gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. An audit of 198 patients in Spain.

Introduction: Cure of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) leads to long-term clinical remission in the initial stages. As it is a rare disease, its management in clinical practice remains largely unknown and heterogeneity of care remains a concern. The aim was to audit the management and evolution of a large series of low-grade gastric MALT lymphomas from thirteen Spanish hospitals.

The body temperature of active desert anurans from hyper-arid environment of South America: The reliability of WorldClim for predicted body temperatures in anurans.

The temperature of anuran activity from arid regions have been poorly studied. In recent years, the emphasis was placed on predicting the impacts of global warming on the fauna of ectotherms in general. Many times future impacts are predicted based on global thermal information (macroscale) but not on an individual scale.

Adaptation of the Andean Toad (Anura: Bufonidae) at Low Temperatures: The Role of Glucose as Cryoprotectant.

We studied the role of plasma glucose concentration on individuals of in response to annual temperature variation and freezing temperatures. Measurements and collection of toads were made every 2 mo for a period of 1 yr. To determine whether toads were exposed to low temperatures in their habitat, we proceeded with the study of operating temperatures ().

Sublethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos induce changes in the thermal sensitivity and tolerance of anuran tadpoles in the toad Rhinella arenarum?

Amphibians are considered one of the groups most susceptible to chemical contamination, therefore are good bio-indicators of aquatic pollution. Synergistic effects of temperature and pesticides have been found in amphibians determining amplified toxicity effect on survival and malformations with increasing temperatures. We studied the sensitivity of sublethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos in Rhinella arenarum tadpoles over on two fitness related thermal traits: locomotor swimming performance and thermal tolerance limits (CT = critical thermal maximum and CT = critical thermal minimum).

Observation of an infrequent enantiomer/conformer substitutional disorder in ethyl 13-ethyl-4-oxo-8,13-dihydro-4H-benzo[5,6]azepino[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-5-carboxylate heptane hemisolvate.

Considering the importance of quinolones due to their broad spectrum of biological activities, the crystal structure of the title compound, CHNO·0.5CH, has been determined. Two enantiomers of the benzazepinoquinoline molecule and one molecule of heptane form the asymmetric unit of this centrosymmetric triclinic (P-1) crystal.

Toxicity of wine effluents and assessment of a depuration system for their control: assay with tadpoles of Rhinella arenarum (BUFONIDAE).

We evaluated the toxicity of the winery effluent and the efficiency of a symbiotic depuration system by means an experiment with Rhinella arenarum tadpoles. The studied effluent was taken from warehouses during the cleaning season. These effluents subsequently subjected to the purification treatment under evaluation.

Effect of salinity on locomotor performance and thermal extremes of metamorphic Andean Toads (Rhinella spinulosa) from Monte Desert, Argentina.

Rhinella spinulosa is distributed from Peru to Argentina (from 1200 to 5000 m elevation), inhabiting arid mountain valleys of the Andes, characterized by salty soils. The variations in soil salinity, caused by high evapotranspiration of water, can create an osmotic constraint and high thermal oscillations for metamorphsed Andean toad (R. spinulosa), affecting their thermoregulation and extreme thermal tolerances.

A new species of (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae) parasite of (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Monte desert, Argentina, with a key to Neotropical species of the genus .

Here we describe a new cosmocercid nematode, Aplectana nebulosa sp. nov., from the small and large intestines of Pleurodema nebulosum (Anura: Leptodactylidae), from the Monte desert of San Juan, Argentina.

Ayahuasca's entwined efficacy: An ethnographic study of ritual healing from 'addiction'.

Background: A range of studies has demonstrated the efficacy of the psychoactive Amazonian brew ayahuasca in addressing substance addiction. These have revealed that physiological and psychological mechanisms are deeply enmeshed. This article focuses on how interactive ritual contexts support the healing effort.

Thiols of flagellar proteins are essential for progressive motility in human spermatozoa.

Male infertility is a disorder of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. The presence of low-motile or immotile spermatozoa is one of many causes of infertility; however, this observation provides little or no information regarding the pathogenesis of the malfunction. Good sperm motility depends on correct assembly of the sperm tail in the testis and efficient maturation during epididymal transit.

[Medical borderlands: engineering the body with plastic surgery and hormonal therapies in Brazil].

This paper explores medical borderlands where health and enhancement practices are entangled. It draws on fieldwork carried out in the context of two distinct research projects in Brazil on plastic surgery and sex hormone therapies. These two therapies have significant clinical overlap.