Consanguineous Marriages and Dental Anomalies: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study.

Objective: To determine the correlation between consanguineous marriages and dental anomalies. . A cross-sectional analytical study.

Evaluation of adverse effects with COVID-19 vaccination in Pakistan.

Objectives: Vaccinations work with different mechanisms to offer protection against disease; however, process of immunity building can cause symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the immediate side effects of COVID-19 vaccination in the Pakistani Population.

Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Foundation University College of Dentistry, Islamabad from February to April 2021.

Extracellular microRNAs: key players to explore the outcomes of in vitro fertilization.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that modulate post-transcriptional gene regulation. They are often used as promising non-invasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cancer. However, their roles in assisted reproduction are still unknown.

Real-Time Polymerase chain reaction trends in COVID-19 patients.

Objective: To assess trends of real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction test in Coronavirus infected Patients.

Methodology: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Tertiary Care Institute, Rawalpindi from March 2020 to June 2020. All patients confirmed COVID positive by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with recent travel history, close contact with known diagnosed patients and had symptoms of fever or upper respiratory tract with body aches.

Establishment of Diagnostic Protocols for COVID-19 Patients.

Objective: To evaluate the oscillation of laboratory parameters among indoor patients infected with COVID-19.

Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Tertiary Care Institute, Rawalpindi from 01 March 2020 to 20 May 2020. Three hundred and ninety-two patients with mild to moderate illness, PCR positive for COVID 19 were included.

Melatonin levels and microRNA (miRNA) relative expression profile in the follicular ambient microenvironment in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization process.

Purpose: Intrafollicular fluid (IFF) melatonin plays a decisive role in maintaining granulosa cells' DNA integrity and protects them against apoptosis. It reduces oxidative stress and improves the oocyte quality with a higher fertilization rate.

Method: This prospective study investigated the antioxidant property of IFF melatonin and its impact on IVF outcome parameters.

Synhesis of Silver and Copper Nanoparticles from Plants and Application as Adsorbents for Naphthalene decontamination.

Synthesis of nanoparticles by using plants is biological method of synthesis that is ecofriendly as well as low cost. Naturally available precursor in the form of plants extract is used. In our research we used three different plants such as , and that are easy to cultivate and also available everywhere.

Cell-free nucleic acids and melatonin levels in human follicular fluid predict embryo quality in patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization treatment.

Despite many advances in assisted reproductive technology (ART), the most viable embryo selection remains a challenge for infertility treatment. This study was designed to investigate whether intra-follicular circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments and Melatonin levels predict embryo quality in patients undergoing IVF treatment. A total of eight hundred and ninety-five follicular fluid (ff) samples were collected from 325 infertile patients undergoing IVF treatment.

Chondrosarcoma of right big toe with metastases to left orbital and left infra temporal region.

To report a case of chondrosarcoma of right big toe with left orbital and left infra temporal metastases. Chondrosarcoma is the second most frequent primary malignant tumour of the bone. A 56 year old man had history of trauma on his right big toe, which was amputated and the biopsy in 2011 at Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT) revealed chondrosarcoma with clear margins.

Antral follicle count (AFC) and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) are the predictors of natural fecundability have similar trends irrespective of fertility status and menstrual characteristics among fertile and infertile women below the age of 40 years.

Background: Despite being born with a significant number of primordial cells which representing the ancestor cells of the germ-line, women experience a depletion of ovarian reserve and sub-fertility mid-way into their healthy lives. The poor ovarian response is a substantial limiting factor amplified with higher maternal age and associated with a considerably lower likelihood of pregnancy.

Methods: A present analytical prospective cross-sectional study was conducted to explore whether infertile women below the age of 40 years have low ovarian reserve than fertile women of same age, assessed by Antral follicle count (AFC) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), at tertiary care infertility center: Lahore Institute of Fertility and Endocrinology, Hameed Latif Hospital.

Longer trinucleotide repeats of androgen receptor are associated with higher testosterone and low oxytocin levels in diabetic premature ejaculatory dysfunction patients.

Background: Despite its worldwide high occurrence, the obscurity regarding the description, epidemiology and management of premature ejaculation remains provocative. It is well established that male premature ejaculatory dysfunction is an increasing problem due to spontaneous ejaculation across a variety of general and clinical subjects. The main goal of this study was to determine the relationships between trinucleotide repeats of the androgen receptor (AR), sex steroids, and pituitary hormones with sexual function in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and reported with acquired premature ejaculation (PE).

Tri-nucleotide consortium of androgen receptor is associated with low serum FSH and testosterone in asthenospermic men.

Unlabelled: Androgen mediating signaling is implicated in regulating the expression of reproductive related genes. Any deviation in the gene expression might be the ignitable precursor for genomic instability that inflames the genomic rearrangements and a leading cause of cancer. The main goal of this study was to determine the relationships between trinucleotide repeats of androgen receptor (AR), sex steroids, and sexual function in men presenting with reduced sperm motility.

Genetic perspective of uniparental mitochondrial DNA landscape on the Punjabi population, Pakistan.

To investigate the uniparental genetic structure of the Punjabi population from mtDNA aspect and to set up an appropriate mtDNA forensic database, we studied maternally unrelated Punjabi (N = 100) subjects from two caste groups (i.e. Arain and Gujar) belonging to territory of Punjab.

Problems in Mitochondrial DNA forensics: while interpreting length heteroplasmy conundrum of various Sindhi and Baluchi ethnic groups of Pakistan.

The insight heterodox genetics of mtDNA infer new perspectives at the level of human mitochondrial control region heteroplasmy, which is substantial in evolutionary as well as forensic interpretation. The main goal of this study is to interrogate the recurrence and resolve the ambiguity of blurry spectrum of heteroplasmy in the human mtDNA control region of 50 Baluchi and 116 Sindhi unrelated individuals. Sanger sequencing was employed classically, that was further investigated by minisequencing.

Genetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region variations in four tribes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Due to its geo strategic position at the crossroad of Asia, Pakistan has gained crucial importance of playing its pivotal role in subsequent human migratory events, both prehistoric and historic. This human movement became possible through an ancient overland network of trails called "The Silk Route" linking Asia Minor, Middle East China, Central Asia and Southeast Asia. This study was conducted to analyze complete mitochondrial control region samples of 100 individuals of four major Pashtun tribes namely, Bangash, Khattak, Mahsuds and Orakzai in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

TRPM channels: same ballpark, different players, and different rules in immunogenetics.

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels belong to a large family of cation channels and are the "border guards" predominantly localized to the plasma membrane. Research over the years has considerably and highly developed the knowledge of expression and functional aspects of the TRPM channels. A closer look at the channel dynamics has dismantled undeniable substantiation for multifaceted roles for TRPM channel-mediated extracellular Ca(2+) influx in several physiological and pathophysiological functions.