Comparison of the visual outcome between macula-on and macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment based on the duration of macular detachment.

Objective: To compare the visual outcomes between macula-on and macula-off primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) based on the duration of macular detachment (DMD).

Methods And Analysis: Retrospective study including 96 eyes with RRD (34 macula-on and 62 macula-off) repaired between June 2012 and March 2020. The final visual acuity (VA) was compared after the patients were divided by the status of the macula and their DMD.

Routes for Drug Delivery: Sustained-Release Devices.

Several different technologies exist for sustained-release drug delivery devices, including: (1) nonbiodegradable implants; (2) biodegradable implants; (3) micro- and nanoparticles; (4) liposomes, and (5) encapsulated cell technology (ECT). Currently, the only sustained-release devices approved by the Food and Drug Administration are the ganciclovir implant for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis, the fluocinolone acetonide implant for the treatment of noninfectious posterior uveitis and the dexamethasone implant for the treatment of diabetic macular edema or noninfectious posterior uveitis. The first two implants are nonbiodegradable and require surgical placement, whereas the dexamethasone implant is biodegradable, and can be shaped and injected using a small-gauge needle or applicator into the vitreous.

Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome: Raised Intracranial Pressure Without Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis.

Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) has been reported to cause elevated intracranial pressure, but usually this is due to cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). We present a 36-year old man with APS with elevated intracranial pressure with neuro-ophthalmic, renal and hematological involvement without identifiable CVST.

Recent developments in laser treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Laser photocoagulation has been the mainstay of diabetic retinopathy treatment since its development in mid-20(th) century. With the advent of antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy, the role of laser therapy appeared to be diminished, however many advances in laser technology have been developed since. This review will describe recent advances in laser treatment of diabetic retinopathy including pattern scan laser, short-pulse duration and a reduced fluence laser, and navigated laser system for proliferative diabetic retinopathy and macular edema.

Topiramate-induced palinopsia: a case series and review of the literature.

Background: To report palinopsia as a possible side effect of topiramate.

Methods: Case series and review of the literature.

Results: Nine patients in our series, and 4 previously reported patients, who developed palinopsia while on topiramate, are reviewed.

Demodex folliculitis presenting as periocular vesiculopustular rash.

Purpose: To report an unusual case of Demodex folliculitis presenting as periocular vesiculopustular rash.

Design: Case report.

Results: A 68 year-old woman presented with a unilateral periocular rash that was initially treated by her primary ophthalmologist with topical steroids and antivirals.

Regulation of ghrelin structure and membrane binding by phosphorylation.

The peptide hormone ghrelin requires Ser-3 acylation for receptor binding, orexigenic and anti-inflammatory effects. Functions of desacylghrelin are less well understood. In vitro kinase assays reveal that the evolutionarily conserved Ser-18 in the basic C-terminus is an excellent substrate for protein kinase C.