Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to Thiochromones Catalyzed by Copper Salts: A Unified Approach to Both 2-Alkylthiochroman-4-One and Thioflavanone.

Grignard reagents undergo conjugate addition to thiochromones catalyzed by copper salts to afford 2-substituted-thiochroman-4-ones, both 2-alkylthiochroman-4-ones and thioflavanones (2-arylthiochroman-4-ones), in good yields with trimethylsilyl chloride (TMSCl) as an additive. The best yields of 1,4-adducts can be attained with CuCN∙2LiCl as the copper source. Excellent yields of 2-alkyl-substituted thiochroman-4-ones and thioflavanones (2-aryl substituted) are attained with a broad range of Grignard reagents.

Stratifying the mechanical performance of a decellularized xenogeneic tendon graft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction as a function of graft diameter: An animal study.

Objectives: This study investigated the biomechanical performance of decellularized porcine superflexor tendon (pSFT) grafts of varying diameters when utilized in conjunction with contemporary ACL graft fixation systems. This aimed to produce a range of 'off-the-shelf' products with predictable mechanical performance, depending on the individual requirements of the patient.

Methods: Decellularized pSFTs were prepared to create double-bundle grafts of 7 mm, 8 mm, and 9 mm diameter.

Does achieving the 'Best Practice Tariff' criteria for fractured neck of femur patients improve one year outcomes?

Introduction: 'Best Practice Tariff' (BPT) criteria have been developed to improve peri-operative care for hip fracture patients. This paper aims to explore the impact of BPT criteria on 1-year outcomes.

Patients And Methods: Anonymised data were acquired from the National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD) for patients presenting to Bradford Royal Infirmary with a fractured neck of femur during the period April 2011 to December 2015.

Late presentation of a subiliacus haematoma after an apophyseal injury of the anterior inferior iliac spine.

Apophyseal injuries are particularly common in adolescents when the growth spurt that accompanies puberty places increased strain on developing bones and muscles. Bone growth in particular exceeds that of soft tissues resulting in relatively tight musculature and subsequent excessive strain at these sites of tendon insertion into bone. We describe a case of a young athlete who presented with chronic hip pain after an anterior inferior iliac spine apophyseal injury with subsequent haematoma formation under the iliacus muscle.