The utility of selective partial neurectomy of the musculocutaneous nerve in children with bilateral spastic elbow.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the utility of selective partial neurectomy of the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) in pediatric patients with bilateral spastic elbow.

Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, case series study was performed in nine pediatric patients (four females and five males) with bilateral spastic elbow, all with a 11.4-year-old average age, where 18 selective partial neurectomies of the MCN were carried out.

The Transcriptomic Landscape of Pediatric Astrocytoma.

Central nervous system tumors are the most common solid neoplasia during childhood and represent one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality. Tumors arising from astrocytic cells (astrocytomas) are the most frequently diagnosed, and according to their histological and pathological characteristics, they are classified into four categories. However, an additional layer of molecular classification considering the DNA sequence of the tumorigenesis-associated genes and has recently been incorporated into the classification guidelines.

Single sagittal craniosynostosis surgical treatment with the "Peau d́ours" technique. Single-center experience in Mexico.

Scaphocephaly (SC) is defined as an elongation of the anteroposterior axis of the skull resulting from the abnormal fusion of the sagittal suture. This study describes the "Peau d'ours" technique and results for correcting SC. We conducted a consecutive and retrospective analysis of patients treated from 2011 to 2016.

Evaluation of the melting temperature of TaqMan probes as a genotyping method for IDH1, IDH2, and H3F3A in pediatric astrocytomas.

Background: Astrocytomas are cancer tumors of the central nervous system and represent the most common type of solid tumors during human childhood. In 2016, the World Health Organization established a molecular classification system to regroup tumor entities to achieve a more accurate diagnosis and a better clinical decision-making and selection of treatment in patients with these types of tumors.

Methods: We evaluated a genotyping assay for rapid and cost-effective mutation detection in astrocytomas using TaqMan probes in an asymmetric polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.

Phrenic nerve neurotization utilizing half of the spinal accessory nerve to the functional restoration of the paralyzed diaphragm in high spinal cord injury secondary to brain tumor resection.

The authors present a case of functional improvement of diaphragmatic paralysis in high spinal cord injury, performing a neurotization of the phrenic nerve with accessory spinal nerve hemisection. A C1-C2 injury of the spinal cord was diagnosed in a 12-year-old male, secondary to resection of a brainstem glioma. The patient did not have diaphragmatic motility at the moment that the mechanical ventilation was removed; however, he presented apnea.

Endoscopic ventriculo-cisterno-ventricular approach in the treatment of bilateral trapped temporal horn related to fungal infection in a child: case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Focal hydrocephalus including trapped temporal horn (TTH), isolated lateral and fourth ventricles, is caused by obstruction and/or adhesion related to various etiologies. With the advent of the neuroendoscope, endoscopic procedures have become an alternative in selected cases.

Case Report: A 2-year-old male from a rural town in México was referred to our institution because of multiple supra- and infra-tentorial abscesses and hydrocephalus.

Expression of microRNAs in tumors of the central nervous system in pediatric patients in México.

Purpose: MicroRNAs were identified as molecules that participate in gene regulation; alterations in their expression characterize central nervous system (CNS). Information in pediatrics is scarce, so the objective of this work was to determine and then compare the patterns of expression of microRNAs in astrocytomas, ependymomas, and medulloblastomas, as well as in non-neoplastic brain.

Methods: Low-density arrays were utilized to evaluate 756 microRNAs in three samples of each type of tumor and non-neoplastic brain.

Brachmann-Cornelia de Lange syndrome with a papilloma of the choroid plexus: analyses of molecular genetic characteristics of the patient and the tumor. A single-case study.

Purpose: A 10-month-old girl with a Brachmann-Cornelia de Lange syndrome and a choroid plexus papilloma of the brain was studied at the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez (HIMFG) in Mexico City.

Methods And Results: Presumptive papilloma of the third ventricle was evidenced on CT and MR images and removed. Pathological analysis confirmed its origin.

Reductions in the expression of miR-124-3p, miR-128-1, and miR-221-3p in pediatric astrocytomas are related to high-grade supratentorial, and recurrent tumors in Mexican children.

Purpose: Astrocytomas are the most frequent type of tumor of the central nervous system in children. Hence, it is important to describe markers that may improve our understanding of their behavior. Mature microRNAs (miRNAs) may be such biological markers.

Glioblastoma multiforme in children: experience at Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez.

Objective: To evaluate clinical evolution of pediatric patients diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) at Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez.

Methods: Cases of patients treated from January to May, 2007, were included in this study. Variables analyzed were: age, diagnosis, size of tumor, histopathological description, degree of resection, time of stay in hospital, complications and outcome using Pearson's chi-squared test and logistic regression.