Glucocorticoids in the treatment of non-infectious superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis - Three cases and a review of the literature.

Purpose: Superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis (SOVT) is a rare clinical entity, which can have a septic and an aseptic cause. Aseptic SOVT is typically treated with anticoagulation. Glucocorticoids are reserved for cases with concurrent orbital inflammation.

Impact of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on hospital admissions in children under three years of age in Iceland.

Introduction: Pneumococcus is an important respiratory pathogen. The 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PHiD-CV) was introduced into the Icelandic vaccination programme in 2011. The aim was to estimate the impact of PHiD-CV on paediatric hospitalisations for respiratory tract infections and invasive disease.

Increase in tympanostomy tube placements despite pneumococcal vaccination, a population-based study.

Aim: The aim was to estimate the impact of the 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PHiD-CV) on tympanostomy tube placements (TTP) in children under five years of age in Iceland.

Methods: This population-based observational cohort study followed 11 consecutive birth-cohorts 2005-2015 from birth until their fifth birthday. Population registries were merged using national identification numbers.

Impact of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on antimicrobial prescriptions in young children: a whole population study.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a public-health threat and antimicrobial consumption is the main contributor. The ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV10) was introduced into the Icelandic vaccination program in 2011. The aim was to estimate the vaccine impact of PHiD-CV10 on outpatient antimicrobial prescriptions in children.

Effect of Vaccination on Pneumococci Isolated from the Nasopharynx of Healthy Children and the Middle Ear of Children with Otitis Media in Iceland.

Vaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) disrupts the pneumococcal population. Our aim was to determine the impact of the 10-valent PCV on the serotypes, genetic lineages, and antimicrobial susceptibility of pneumococci isolated from children in Iceland. Pneumococci were collected between 2009 and 2017 from the nasopharynges of healthy children attending 15 day care centers and from the middle ears (MEs) of children with acute otitis media from the greater Reykjavik capital area.

Reduction in All-Cause Acute Otitis Media in Children <3 Years of Age in Primary Care Following Vaccination With 10-Valent Pneumococcal Haemophilus influenzae Protein-D Conjugate Vaccine: A Whole-Population Study.

Background: The 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV10) was introduced in Iceland in 2011, without catch-up. The aim of this study was to estimate vaccine impact (VI) on acute otitis media (AOM).

Methods: In this whole-population study, all primary care visits due to AOM from 2005 to 2015 in children <3 years of age were included.

Pneumococcal vaccination: Direct and herd effect on carriage of vaccine types and antibiotic resistance in Icelandic children.

Background: Since the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, vaccine type pneumococcal carriage and disease has decreased world-wide. The aim was to monitor changes in the nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococci, the distribution of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance in children before and after initiation of the 10-valent pneumococcal vaccination in 2011, in a previously unvaccinated population.

Methods: Repeated cross-sectional study at 15day-care centres in greater Reykjavik area.

Decreased Incidence of Respiratory Infections in Children After Vaccination with Ten-valent Pneumococcal Vaccine.

Introduction: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) and antibiotic usage are common in children, increasing the risk of antibacterial resistance. The introduction of protein-conjugated pneumococcal vaccines has led to reduction in pneumococcal infections. In 2011, pneumococcal protein-conjugated vaccine-10 was introduced into the national childhood vaccination in Iceland, a population not earlier vaccinated against pneumococcus, with 95% vaccine uptake in the first year.