Atraumatic Sternoclavicular Joint Instability: Prevalence, Etiology, and Management.

Sternoclavicular joint instability is a rare complaint in the orthopedic clinic, but patients can experience chronic pain and functional impacts. Causes of instability may be posttraumatic, infectious, autoimmune, degenerative, or secondary to generalized laxity. Conservative treatment is the initial approach to management and involves activity modification, physical therapy, oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroid injections.

Getting Athletes Back on the Field: Management of Clavicle Fractures and Return to Play.

This chapter provides an overview of the prevalence of clavicle fractures in athletes. The evaluation and management of clavicle fractures in athletes is summarized, including surgical considerations, rehabilitation protocols, and return to sport guidelines. In this population, high rates of union are observed, but careful timing of return to sport is paramount to optimize performance and prevent reinjury.