Association between omega-3 index and depersonalization among healthcare workers in a university hospital: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Burnout harms workers physical and mental health due to induced brain changes, autonomous nervous system and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis excessive activation. Although several correlations and risk factors have been identified, the research around burnout biological correlates remains underdeveloped. The omega-3 index has been proposed in mental health as a contributor to identify high risk patients and monitor disease advancements but the evidence on its relationship with burnout is limited.

Effectiveness of Neuropsychological Rehabilitation in the Recovery of Executive Deficits in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder: A Systematic Review Protocol.

Introduction: Changes in executive functions associated with alcohol consumption are frequently found in alcohol use disorder. Neuropsychological rehabilitation can play an essential role as an effective treatment in the recovery from these deficits, leading to the maintenance of abstinence. However, there are still some uncertainties regarding its impact on the recovery of deficits in executive functions.

Are Patients With Alcohol-Related Seizures a Specific Subgroup?

Objective: Alcohol-related seizures are acute symptomatic seizures most frequently associated with alcohol withdrawal. However, little is known about the phenotypic characteristics of patients with alcohol-related seizures. This study evaluated the clinical features and personality traits of alcohol use disorder patients with alcohol-related seizures.

The role of affective temperament as a predictor of relapse in alcohol dependence.

Background: Personality traits have been proposed as relapse risk factors in alcohol use disorders. So far, no study has assessed the association between affective temperamental traits and the prospective relapse risk.

Methods: This was a 3-month prospective naturalistic study, designed to assess the impact of affective temperaments in relapse.

Motivational factors and negative affectivity as predictors of alcohol craving.

Craving is thought to play an important role in alcohol use disorders. The recent inclusion of "craving" as a formal diagnostic symptom calls for further investigation of this subjective phenomenon with multiple dimensions. Considering that alcohol-dependent patients compensate negative physical/emotional states with alcohol, the aim of this study is to investigate alcohol craving and its correlation with drinking measures and affective personality dimensions.

Are the binary typology models of alcoholism valid in polydrug abusers?

Objective: To evaluate the dichotomy of type I/II and type A/B alcoholism typologies in opiate-dependent patients with a comorbid alcohol dependence problem (ODP-AP).

Methods: The validity assessment process comprised the information regarding the history of alcohol use (internal validity), cognitive-behavioral variables regarding substance use (external validity), and indicators of treatment during 6-month follow-up (predictive validity).

Results: ODP-AP subjects classified as type II/B presented an early and much more severe drinking problem and a worse clinical prognosis when considering opiate treatment variables as compared with ODP-AP subjects defined as type I/A.

The role of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in alcohol craving experience.

The way in which genetic risk mediates the development of craving in alcohol dependence is still relatively unknown. The authors sought to clarify the extent to which alcohol craving could be predicted by a relevant polymorphism in the promoter region of the gene encoding the 5-HT transporter (5-HTTLPR). A sample of 101 alcohol-dependent patients admitted for alcohol treatment was recruited for the study.

The burden of cyclothymia on alcohol dependence.

Background: The relationship between cyclothymic temperament and alcoholism remains insufficiently explored.

Methods: A sample of 125 alcohol-dependent patients diagnosed according to DSM-IV-TR criteria (APA, 2000) was recruited from a clinical setting. Cyclothymic temperament was diagnosed according to the Portuguese version of the Akiskal and Akiskal (2005) temperament scale.

[After the booze comes the hangover: a perspective of alcohol consumption in young].

Until today, little relevance has been given to the main cause of alcohol consumption related morbidity in young population, the so called "the next day morning alcohol hangover". The hangover is defined by the presence of symptoms connected to excessive alcohol consumption and its total metabolism, with severity enough to disturb responsibilities and daily life activities. Numerous observations show us that generally the young populations tend to be involved in a series of behaviors to cope with the unpleasant effects of a night of immoderate alcohol consumption.

[Association of the functional serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) with externalizing and internalizing aggressivity and alcohol abuse].

Genetic factors of alcoholism influence the phenotypic heterogeneity of alcohol dependence, allowing the higher or lower expression of related aggressive behaviours. The pathogenesis of alcoholism and anti-social behaviour has been connected to serotonergic system dysfunction, given support to examine the association with 44-basepair insertion/deletion polymorphism of serotonin gene transporter (5-HTT). The study aims to assess the relationship between 5-HHTLPR polymorphism, aggressive behaviour and alcohol consumption pattern.

The alcoholic phenotypes among different multidimensional typologies: similarities and their classification procedures.

Aim: This detailed cross-sectional analysis, obtained from a sample of alcohol-dependent patients, attempts to compare multiple methods that have been created to classify or subtype alcoholics.

Methods: The sample comprised 318 alcohol-dependent patients recruited from the alcoholism unit (NETER) of the Psychiatric Service of Santa Maria University Hospital in Lisbon (Portugal). All subjects were evaluated during the outpatient therapeutical programme for operationalized criteria, reported by each alcoholism typology.

Neuropsychological function and platelet monoamine oxidase activity levels in type I alcoholic patients.

Aims: To explore neuropsychological function in two differentiated patterns of platelet monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) activity in alcoholic patients.

Methods: Neuropsychological examination and platelet MAO B activity extracted from blood were collected from 42 alcohol-dependent patients recruited in the alcoholism unit (NETER) of the Psychiatric Service of Santa Maria University Hospital.

Results: Alcoholics presented significantly low levels of platelet MAO B activity, when compared with control subjects; platelet MAO B activity in alcoholics classified as "under average subgroup" showed significant lower scores in the Raven Progressive Matrix and higher scores in hostility dimension, when compared with platelet MAO B activity in "above average subgroup.

NETER 1 alcoholic 5 subtypes: Validity with Lesch four evolutionary subtypes.

Objective. To validate NAT (NETER's alcoholic typology), taking into account the differentiated distribution of the measures used as external criteria in alcohol-dependent sub-groups and its relationship with Lesch's alcoholic typology (LAT). Method.

NETER alcoholic typology (NAT).

Aims: To establish an alcohol-dependent drinker's clinical typology, based on patients attending the Alcoholism Unit of Santa Maria's General Hospital in Lisbon, Portugal.

Methods: A multivariate statistical analysis was used to extract the typology solution.

Results: We obtained five factors: Anxiopathic, typifies anxious functioning; Heredopathic, congregates familiar and genetic influences on alcoholism; Thimopathic, typified by affective symptomatology; Sociopathic, characterized by disruptive behaviours under alcohol influence; and Adictopathic, isolates younger individuals who consume alcohol and other types of psychoactive substances.