Improvement in lower urinary tract symptoms across multiple domains following ventriculoperitoneal shunting for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in lower urinary tract symptoms following ventriculoperitoneal shunting in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH).

Methods: Lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with new-onset iNPH were prospectively evaluated using validated questionnaires from the International Consultation on Incontinence to assess overactive bladder (ICIq-OAB), incontinence (ICIq-UI), and quality of life (ICIq-LUTqol), as well as the American Urological Association Symptom Score bother scale, prior to and following ventriculoperitoneal shunting for iNPH. Sub-analysis was performed based on gender, age, and medical comorbidities.

Role of Epigenetic Modification and Immunomodulation in a Murine Prostate Cancer Model.

Introduction: Decreased expression of highly immunogenic cancer-testis antigens (CTA) might help tumor to achieve low immunogenicity, escape immune surveillance and grow unimpeded. Our aim was to evaluate CTA expression in tumor and normal tissues and to investigate possible means of improving the immune response in a murine prostate cancer (CaP) model by using the combination of epigenetic modifier 5-azacitidine (5-AzaC) and immunomodulator lenalidomide. No study to date has examined the effect of this combination on the prostate cancer or its impact on antigen-presenting cells (APC).

Characterization of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH).

Methods: Patients with new-onset iNPH were prospectively evaluated for LUTS via detailed history and physical, and administration of questionnaires from the International Consultation on Incontinence to assess incontinence (ICIq-UI), overactive bladder (ICIq-OAB), and quality of life (ICIq-LUTqol), as well as the American Urological Association Symptom Score bother scale. All patients with moderate-to-severe LUTS were offered urodynamic testing.

Impact of Hamstring Graft Diameter on Tendon Strength: A Biomechanical Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the tensile strength of hamstring grafts of varying combined pull-through diameters within the clinically relevant range of 6 to 9 mm.

Methods: We tested 44 non-irradiated allograft hamstring grafts (11 per group). Combined looped semitendinosus and gracilis grafts were allocated to the 6-, 7-, 8-, or 9-mm group based on the smallest-diameter lumen that the graft could be "pulled through" using a surgical sizing instrument.

A case of potential treatment of remote pain after sacral nerve stimulation for chronic urinary retention.

Objective: A case is presented in which a 58-year-old man developed a potential unintended and durable treatment of pain at remote sites (cervical region and low back) after sacral nerve stimulation for chronic urinary retention.

Methods: Proper placement of the electrodes in the S3 foramen was confirmed by physiological response and fluoroscopy.

Results: Potential causality was shown by recurrent pain with the stimulators turned off and abatement of pain with the stimulators turned on.

Treatment strategy for the adolescent varicocele.

A varicocele is a dilatation of the testicular vein and the pampiniform venous plexus within the spermatic cord. Although rare in pediatric populations, the prevalence of varicoceles markedly increases with pubertal development. Varicoceles are progressive lesions that may hinder testicular growth and function over time and are the most common and correctable cause of male infertility.

Insufficiency fracture of the acetabular medial wall.

Acetabular insufficiency fractures are much less common than acetabular fractures associated with trauma. They most commonly occur in postmenopausal women with a history of rheumatoid arthritis or pelvic irradiation. We present the case of a 93-year-old man with an atraumatic pelvic insufficiency fracture of the fossa acetabuli.