Sex differences in COVID-19 symptom severity and trajectories among ambulatory adults.

Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to hundreds of millions of infections worldwide. Although differences in COVID-19 hospitalization rates between males and females have been described, many infections in the general population have been mild, and the severity of symptoms during the course of COVID-19 in non-hospitalized males and females is not well understood.

Methods: We conducted a case-ascertained study to examine household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Nashville, Tennessee, between April 2020 and April 2021.

Exploring the impact of early life factors on inequalities in risk of overweight in UK children: findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.

Background: Overweight and obesity in childhood are socially patterned, with higher prevalence in more disadvantaged populations, but it is unclear to what extent early life factors attenuate the social inequalities found in childhood overweight/obesity.

Methods: We estimated relative risks (RRs) for being overweight (combining with obesity) at age 11 in 11 764 children from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) according to socio-economic circumstances (SEC). Early life risk factors were explored to assess if they attenuated associations between SECs and overweight.