A strategy for quantifying microplastic particles in membrane filtration processes using flow cytometry.

Microplastic (MP) pollution is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, with significant quantities of MPs originating from municipal wastewater treatment plants. Efforts to evaluate and implement MP removal processes are underway, with membrane technologies often recommended as an "ideal" solution. A key challenge in evaluating these technologies involves efficiently quantifying MP concentrations in samples.

Multiparametric liquid biopsy analysis in metastatic prostate cancer.

Molecular profiling of prostate cancer with liquid biopsies, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free nucleic acid analysis, yields informative yet distinct data sets. Additional insights may be gained by simultaneously interrogating multiple liquid biopsy components to construct a more comprehensive molecular disease profile. We conducted an initial proof-of-principle study aimed at piloting this multiparametric approach.

Reference Size Matching, Whole-Genome Amplification, and Fluorescent Labeling as a Method for Chromosomal Microarray Analysis of Clinically Actionable Copy Number Alterations in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tumor Tissue.

Cancer genome copy number alterations (CNAs) assist clinicians in selecting targeted therapeutics. Solid tumor CNAs are most commonly evaluated in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Although fluorescence in situ hybridization is a sensitive and specific assay for interrogating preselected genomic regions, it provides no information about coexisting clinically significant copy number changes.

An alternative to nerve repair using an antioxidant compound: a histological study in rats.

The fascicular composition and organisation of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) were determined to confirm the microarchitecture of the IAN bundles into each of the mandibular teeth, including the composition of the mental nerve. The aim of this study was to evaluate peripheral nerve repair after the application of an antioxidant compound to the damaged nerve tissue to elevate the concentration and bioavailability of elements capable of favouring tissue repair. Twenty-five Wistar rats were divided into groups: The Control 1 (Ctl 1) (n = 5) animals had the ischiatic nerve exposed with no suture injury and were sacrificed at 30 days post-operatively.

Human histologic assessment of a platform-switched osseointegrated dental implant.

This case report examined crestal bone level maintenance surrounding a platform-switched implant that was retrieved due to prosthetic difficulty. The retrieved platform-switched implant threads demonstrated tight contact with the surrounding bone and demonstrated both radiographic and histologic features that were indicative of successful osseointegration. Very high bone-to-implant contact (BIC) without epithelial downgrowth to the implant thread was noted.

Performance of dental students versus prosthodontics residents on a 3D immersive haptic simulator.

This study evaluated the performance of dental students versus prosthodontics residents on a simulated caries removal exercise using a newly designed, 3D immersive haptic simulator. The intent of this study was to provide an initial assessment of the simulator's construct validity, which in the context of this experiment was defined as its ability to detect a statistically significant performance difference between novice dental students (n=12) and experienced prosthodontics residents (n=14). Both groups received equivalent calibration training on the simulator and repeated the same caries removal exercise three times.

Negotiating the severely resorbed extraction site: a clinical case report with histologic sample.

The treatment of an infected socket with a severe facial dehiscence/ fenestration defect presents a therapeutic dilemma to the dental team. Both implant-supported restoration and fixed partial denture are viable options to restore function and occlusion, each with its benefits and disadvantages. In the present case report, a multi-stage regenerative approach was selected to enable implant-supported single crown.

Associated lesions requiring additional surgical treatment in grade 3 acromioclavicular joint dislocations.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence of associated pathologic shoulder lesions that were addressed surgically in grade 3 acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocations, as well as to compare this incidence between younger and older patients and between acute and chronic cases.

Methods: In this multicenter nonrandomized retrospective study, 98 patients operated on for grade 3 ACJ dislocation underwent concomitant arthroscopic evaluation for the identification and treatment of any associated lesions. The type and treatment of associated lesions were collected in a central database and analyzed.

An initial assessment of haptics in preclinical operative dentistry training.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess novice student perception of haptic-based manual dexterity training. The short-term impact of haptic training in the early phase of preclinical operative dentistry education was also investigated.

Methods: Dental students performed a class II amalgam and a class III resin tooth preparation in a typodont model at baseline.

Popularity of suture materials among residents and faculty members of a postdoctoral periodontology program.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the favoritism of suture materials among a group of clinicians at a teaching institution.

Methods: The surveys included 11 absorbable and nine non-absorbable sutures. The surveyor was asked to select his or her suture preferences when it comes to using it in 13 different, commonly-performed surgical procedures.

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 in lateral ridge augmentation.

This case report describes the augmentation of severe lateral ridge defects in the maxilla and mandible using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS). The surgical technique used tenting screws and a membrane to maintain space for the ACS. After 7 months of healing, the ridge width increased from 1 to 2 mm to 6 to 9 mm, thus allowing successful placement of dental implants.

Pseudoparalysis: the importance of rotator cable integrity.

The purpose of this study was to clinically examine the relationship between rotator cable integrity and the presence of pseudoparalysis. A retrospective review was performed of a consecutive series of arthroscopic repairs of massive rotator cuff tears performed between January 2007 and June 2009. A total of 127 massive tears were identified.

A systematic approach for diagnosing subscapularis tendon tears with preoperative magnetic resonance imaging scans.

Purpose: To determine and propose a systematic approach to evaluating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans for subscapularis tears and compares preoperative MRI interpretations with findings of the same shoulders at arthroscopy.

Methods: The study was composed of 202 patients who underwent shoulder arthroscopy by 1 of 5 orthopaedic surgeons during a 3-month period. All patients had MRI scans performed within 6 months before arthroscopy.

Cellular Allograft in the Treatment of a Severe Periodontal Intrabony Defect: A Case Report.

Introduction: This report describes the use of allograft cellular bone matrix containing mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of a severe periodontal defect. To our knowledge, this regenerative technique has not been reported in the periodontal literature in the past, and it offers an alternative to the commonly used regenerative techniques.

Case Presentation: The patient presented with generalized severe periodontitis with a severe radiographic defect on the distal aspect of tooth #9 extending to the apex of the tooth.

A Wnt-bmp feedback circuit controls intertissue signaling dynamics in tooth organogenesis.

Many vertebrate organs form through the sequential and reciprocal exchange of signaling molecules between juxtaposed epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. We undertook a systems biology approach that combined the generation and analysis of large-scale spatiotemporal gene expression data with mouse genetic experiments to gain insight into the mechanisms that control epithelial-mesenchymal signaling interactions in the developing mouse molar tooth. We showed that the shift in instructive signaling potential from dental epithelium to dental mesenchyme was accompanied by temporally coordinated genome-wide changes in gene expression in both compartments.

Reduction of postoperative stiffness after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: results of a customized physical therapy regimen based on risk factors for stiffness.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of a modified rehabilitation protocol (incorporating early closed-chain overhead stretching) in reducing the risk of postoperative stiffness after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Methods: During a 17-month period, we performed primary arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs in 152 patients. After surgery, patients with risk factors identified in the previous study (calcific tendonitis, adhesive capsulitis, PASTA [partial articular surface tendon avulsion]-type rotator cuff repair, concomitant labral repair, or single-tendon cuff repair) were enrolled in a modified rehabilitation protocol that added early overhead closed-chain passive motion exercises to our standard protocol; alternatively, patients without risk factors received a standard conservative rehabilitation program.

Subscapularis tendon tears: identifying mid to distal footprint disruptions.

We present an arthroscopic technique used to identify mid to distal subscapularis tendon disruptions. These tears can be easy to miss and require a thorough arthroscopic evaluation of the medial biceps sling and the medial side wall of the bicipital groove to detect. The arthroscopic procedure is performed with the patient in the lateral decubitus position, and the same portals used for standard subscapularis repair are used for this technique.

Rehabilitation following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

The postoperative rehabilitation program is critical for the successful arthroscopic treatment of rotator cuff injury. The authors' experience has confirmed that the best clinical results (restoration of strength, motion, and relief of pain) following rotator cuff repair are achieved after a durable repair of tendon to bone that heals in its entirety. Therefore, the senior author (SSB) has adopted a customized rehabilitation protocol to optimize postoperative range of motion while maintaining rotator cuff integrity.

Arthroscopic double-pulley remplissage technique for engaging Hill-Sachs lesions in anterior shoulder instability repairs.

We present a modified arthroscopic technique used to treat anterior shoulder instability associated with mild glenoid bone loss and a large Hill-Sachs lesion. The procedure aims to convert a bony intra-articular defect into an extra-articular defect by insetting the infraspinatus into the Hill-Sachs lesion. The arthroscopic procedure is performed with the patient in the lateral decubitus position, and the same portals used for anterior instability repair are used for this technique.

Radiographic and navigation measurements of TKA limb alignment do not correlate.

Unlabelled: Precise pre- and postoperative anatomic measurements are necessary to plan, perform, and evaluate total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We evaluated the relationship between radiographic and navigation alignment measurements, identified sources of error in radiographic and navigated alignment assessment, and determined the differences between desired and clinically accepted alignment. Fifty-eight computer-assisted TKAs were performed and limb alignment measurements were recorded both pre- and postoperatively with standard radiographs and with an intraoperative navigation system.

Ridge-splitting technique with simultaneous implant placement.

Bone augmentation procedures are routinely required before dental implant placement. Several techniques for this procedure may be considered, such as guided bone regeneration, bone block grafting, and ridge splitting for bone expansion. These case reports describe the technique for ridge splitting and gradual expansion in the maxilla and the mandible.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tunnel placement: a radiographic comparison between navigated versus manual ACL reconstruction.

As participation in sports has increased, so have anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions. The procedure is commonly associated with inaccurate tunnel placements, even when performed by experienced surgeons. Computer-assisted surgery may assist in eliminating inconsistent graft tunnels by increasing precision and providing navigation feedback of the surgical field.

Titanium implant osseointegration with calcium pyrophosphate in rabbits.

The objective of this study was to characterize calcium pyrophosphate material, evaluate its in vitro cytotoxicity, and assess its ability to induce bone formation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine crystallinity and phases present in material. Serial dilutions of extracts, from 10-day dissolution tests in modified Eagle's medium, were exposed for 24 h to mouse fibroblasts and cytotoxicity assessed via viable staining.

Histological findings in titanium implants coated with calcium phosphate ceramics installed in rabbit's tibias.

Oral reconstruction using osteointegrated implants are widely indicated nowadays. The implant bone anchorage is very important for its functional stability. Thus, ceramic biomaterials are widely used as coatings of the implant surfaces to accelerate local osteogenesis.