98% of T cells reside in tissues, yet nearly all human T cell analyses are performed from peripheral blood. We single-cell sequenced 5.7 million T cells from ten donors' autologous blood and tonsils and sought to answer key questions about T cell receptor biology previously unanswerable by smaller-scale experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune fibrotic disease whose pathogenesis is poorly understood and lacks effective therapies. We undertook quantitative analyses of T cell infiltrates in the skin of 35 untreated patients with early diffuse SSc and here show that CD4+ cytotoxic T cells and CD8+ T cells contribute prominently to these infiltrates. We also observed an accumulation of apoptotic cells in SSc tissues, suggesting that recurring cell death may contribute to tissue damage and remodeling in this fibrotic disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistinct T follicular helper (T) subsets that influence specific class-switching events are assumed to exist, but the accumulation of isotype-specific T subsets in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) and tertiary lymphoid organs has not been hitherto demonstrated. IL-4-expressing T cells are surprisingly sparse in human SLOs. In contrast, in IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), a disorder characterized by polarized Ig class switching, most T cells in tertiary and SLOs make IL-4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF