A Unified Synthetic Strategy to Introduce Heteroatoms via Electrochemical Functionalization of Alkyl Organoboron Reagents.

Based on systematic electrochemical analysis, an integrated synthetic platform of C(sp)-based organoboron compounds was established for the introduction of heteroatoms. The electrochemically mediated bond-forming strategy was shown to be highly effective for the functionalization of sp-hybridized carbon atoms with significant steric hindrance. Moreover, virtually all the nonmetallic heteroatoms could be utilized as reaction partners using one unified protocol.

Revisiting Thin-Layer Electrochemistry in a Chip-Type Cell for the Study of Electro-organic Reactions.

It is important but challenging to elucidate the electrochemical reaction mechanisms of organic compounds using electroanalytical methods. Particularly, a rapid and straightforward method that provides information on reaction intermediates or other key electrochemical parameters may be useful. In this work, we exploited the advantages of classic thin-layer electrochemistry to develop a thin-layer electroanalysis microchip (TEAM).

Electrochemistry of the Silicon Oxide Dielectric Layer: Principles, Electrochemical Reactions, and Perspectives.

Electrochemistry of the silicon oxide dielectric layer, a notable insulator often used as a gate oxide, is counterintuitive, but addresses fundamental questions to yield novel scientific discoveries. In this minireview, the fundamental electron transfer mechanism of silicon oxide in the electrolyte solution is elucidated. The possible electrochemical reactions to date are discussed in detail, providing numerous potential areas of application which are elaborated and justified.

Cathodic electroorganic reaction on silicon oxide dielectric electrode.

The faradaic reaction at the insulator is counterintuitive. For this reason, electroorganic reactions at the dielectric layer have been scarcely investigated despite their interesting aspects and opportunities. In particular, the cathodic reaction at a silicon oxide surface under a negative potential bias remains unexplored.

Unique Luminescence of Hexagonal Dominant Colloidal Copper Indium Sulphide Quantum Dots in Dispersed Solutions.

Luminescent hexagonal dominant copper indium sulphide (h-dominant CIS) quantum dots (QDs) by precursor-injection of mixed metal-dialkyldithiocarbamate precursors. Owing to the different reactivity of the precursors, this method allowed the CIS QDs to grow while retaining the crystallinity of the hexagonal nucleus. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra exhibited dual emission (600-700 nm red emission and 700-800 nm NIR emission) resulting from the combined contributions of the hexagonal (wurtzite) h-CIS and tetragonal (chalcopyrite) t-CIS QDs, i.

Dielectric Breakdown and Post-Breakdown Dissolution of Si/SiO Cathodes in Acidic Aqueous Electrochemical Environment.

Understanding the conducting mechanisms of dielectric materials under various conditions is of increasing importance. Here, we report the dielectric breakdown (DB) and post-breakdown mechanism of Si/SiO, a widely used semiconductor and dielectric, in an acidic aqueous electrochemical environment. Cathodic breakdown was found to generate conduction spots on the Si/SiO surface.

A miniature, single use, skin-adhered, low-voltage, electroosmotic pumping-based subcutaneous infusion system.

A programmable, skin-attached, 36 × 30 × 8 mm system for subcutaneous infusion of 1.2 mL of a drug solution is described. The system is intended to be replaced daily.

Nafion-coating of the electrodes improves the flow-stability of the Ag/SiO2/Ag2O electroosmotic pump.

When a current or a voltage is applied across the ceramic membrane of the nongassing Ag/Ag(2)O-SiO(2)-Ag/Ag(2)O pump, protons produced in the anodic reaction 2Ag(s) + H(2)O → Ag(2)O(s) + 2H(+) + 2e(-) are driven to the cathode, where they are consumed by the reaction Ag(2)O(s) + H(2)O + 2e(-) → 2Ag(s) + 2 OH(-). The flow of water is induced by momentum transfer from the electric field-driven proton-sheet at the surface of the ceramic membrane. About 10(4) water molecules flowed per reacted electron.

A miniature, nongassing electroosmotic pump operating at 0.5 V.

Electroosmotic pumps are arguably the simplest of all pumps, consisting merely of two flow-through electrodes separated by a porous membrane. Most use platinum electrodes and operate at high voltages, electrolyzing water. Because evolved gas bubbles adhere and block parts of the electrodes and the membrane, steady pumping rates are difficult to sustain.