The Role of Nanoparticles in Accelerating Tissue Recovery and Inflammation Control in Physiotherapy Practices.

Physiotherapy has significantly evolved since its inception in the late 19th century, expanding into various specializations such as sports, neurology, and wound care. Its primary goal is to restore or enhance bodily functions through therapeutic interventions, aiding in conditions ranging from injuries to chronic pain. Tissue recovery, which involves repair and regeneration, is a critical aspect of physiotherapy.

Usability, Acceptability, and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) Techniques in Surgical Coaching and Training: A Scoping Review.

Objective: To define the current state of peer-reviewed literature demonstrating the usability, acceptability, and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques in surgical coaching and training.

Design: We conducted a literature search with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. We searched five scholarly databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase via Elsevier, Scopus via Elsevier, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Healthcare Administration Database via ProQuest.

A Multi-epitope Vaccine Candidate Against Bolivian Hemorrhagic fever Caused by Machupo Virus.

Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF) caused by Machupo virus (MACV) is a New World arenavirus having a reported mortality rate of 25-35%. The BHF starts with fever, followed by headache, and nausea which rapidly progresses to severe hemorrhagic phase within 7 days of disease onset. One of the key promoters for MACV viral entry into the cell followed by viral propagation is performed by the viral glycoprotein (GPC).

Computational design of candidate multi-epitope vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 targeting structural (S and N) and non-structural (NSP3 and NSP12) proteins.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has created a global damage and has exposed the vulnerable side of scientific research towards novel diseases. The intensity of the pandemic is huge, with mortality rates of more than 6 million people worldwide in a span of 2 years. Considering the gravity of the situation, scientists all across the world are continuously attempting to create successful therapeutic solutions to combat the virus.

Small molecule SWELL1 complex induction improves glycemic control and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in murine Type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes is associated with insulin resistance, impaired pancreatic β-cell insulin secretion, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Tissue-specific SWELL1 ablation impairs insulin signaling in adipose, skeletal muscle, and endothelium, and impairs β-cell insulin secretion and glycemic control. Here, we show that I and SWELL1 protein are reduced in adipose and β-cells in murine and human diabetes.

Review of mobile applications for the detection and management of atrial fibrillation.

Background: Free mobile applications (apps) that use photoplethysmography (PPG) waveforms may extend atrial fibrillation (AF) detection to underserved populations, but they have not been rigorously evaluated.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to systematically review and evaluate the quality, functionality, and adherence to self-management behaviors of existing mobile apps for AF.

Methods: We systematically searched 3 app stores for apps that were free, available in English, and intended for use by patients to detect and manage AF.

Association of gallbladder hyperkinesia with acalculous chronic cholecystitis: A case-control study.

Background: This is the first case-control study investigating an association between gallbladder hyperkinesia and symptomatic acalculous chronic cholecystitis.

Methods: This retrospective study in a single academic center compared resolution of biliary pain in adults with gallbladder hyperkinesia, defined as a hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan ejection fraction ≥80%, undergoing cholecystectomy (study group) with those treated medically without cholecystectomy (control group). Of 1,477 hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scans done between 2013 and 2018, a total of 296 adults without gallstones had an ejection fraction ≥80%, of whom 46 patients met predetermined eligibility criteria.

A Systematic Review of Patient-Facing Visualizations of Personal Health Data.

Objectives: As personal health data are being returned to patients with increasing frequency and volume, visualizations are garnering excitement for their potential to facilitate patient interpretation. Evaluating these visualizations is important to ensure that patients are able to understand and, when appropriate, act upon health data in a safe and effective manner. The objective of this systematic review was to review and evaluate the state of the science of patient-facing visualizations of personal health data.

Dataset on the performance of a three phase induction motor under balanced and unbalanced supply voltage conditions.

Three phase induction motors (TPIM) are extensively used for various applications in the industry for driving cranes, hoists, lifts, rolling mills, cooling fans, textile operations, and so forth. TPIM are designed to operate on balanced three phase power supply, but sometimes three phase supply line voltages to which the TPIM is connected may be unbalanced. In this data article, the operational data of a TPIM operating under changing voltage scenarios is profiled to determine the variations in the magnitude of the operational parameters of the motor.

Erratum: SWELL1 is a regulator of adipocyte size, insulin signalling and glucose homeostasis.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/ncb3514.

SWELL1 is a regulator of adipocyte size, insulin signalling and glucose homeostasis.

Adipocytes undergo considerable volumetric expansion in the setting of obesity. It has been proposed that such marked increases in adipocyte size may be sensed via adipocyte-autonomous mechanisms to mediate size-dependent intracellular signalling. Here, we show that SWELL1 (LRRC8a), a member of the Leucine-Rich Repeat Containing protein family, is an essential component of a volume-sensitive ion channel (VRAC) in adipocytes.

Isolation and Patch-Clamp of Primary Adipocytes.

The patch-clamp technique allows for the study of ion channel activity in the native adipocyte environment to better understand the contributions of ion channels to adipocyte signaling. Here, we describe methods for isolating primary mature adipocytes from both mouse and human white adipose tissues (subcutaneous and visceral). From the same preparation, we describe how to culture and differentiate preadipocytes isolated from the stromal vascular fraction.

Scheduled intravenous acetaminophen reduces postoperative narcotic analgesic demand and requirement after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Background: Intravenous (i.v.) acetaminophen has the potential to reduce postoperative narcotic analgesic requirement but this has not been reported in bariatric surgery.

The novel cytokine interleukin-33 activates acinar cell proinflammatory pathways and induces acute pancreatic inflammation in mice.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is potentially fatal but treatment options are limited as disease pathogenesis is poorly understood. IL-33, a novel IL-1 cytokine family member, plays a role in various inflammatory conditions but its role in acute pancreatitis is not well understood. Specifically, whether pancreatic acinar cells produce IL-33 when stressed or respond to IL-33 stimulation, and whether IL-33 exacerbates acute pancreatic inflammation is unknown.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass achieves substantial resolution of migraine headache in the severely obese: 9-year experience in 81 patients.

Background: Although migraine headache (MH) is more severe in the obese, the risk of developing MH in the obese population is controversial. The effect of surgical weight loss on morbidly obese patients with MH provides a unique opportunity to evaluate this potential association.

Methods: We analyzed the data from 702 morbidly obese patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) from 2000 to 2009.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass ameliorates polycystic ovary syndrome and dramatically improves conception rates: a 9-year analysis.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of infertility, especially in the morbidly obese. We evaluated the long-term effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on PCOS and infertility.

Methods: A total of 566 morbidly obese women underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass from 2000 to 2009.

Systemic inflammation with multiorgan dysfunction is the cause of death in murine ligation-induced acute pancreatitis.

Background: We have previously shown that distal pancreatic duct ligation-induced acute pancreatitis in mice is associated with substantial mortality.

Methods: We examined the cause of death in duct ligation-induced acute pancreatitis in mice by serial examination of multiple parameters in three experimental groups: distal pancreatic duct ligation (PD), bile duct ligation alone (BD), and sham operation (S).

Results: BD and S had no mortality, while PD had 94% mortality with most deaths between days 2 and 4.

Physical activity patterns in morbidly obese and normal-weight women.

Objective: To compare physical activity patterns between morbidly obese and normal-weight women.

Methods: Daily physical activity of 18 morbidly obese and 7 normal-weight women aged 30-58 years was measured for 2 days using the Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity (IDEEA) device.

Results: The obese group spent about 2 hr/day less standing and 30 min/day less walking than did the normal-weight group.

Resolution of hyperlipidemia follows surgical weight loss in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery: a 6-year analysis of data.

Background: Hyperlipidemia is a known risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease in morbidly obese individuals. The aim of our study was to review the trends in the serum lipid profiles of patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at our institution.

Methods: A retrospective 6-year analysis of data of patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was performed.

A novel model of severe gallstone pancreatitis: murine pancreatic duct ligation results in systemic inflammation and substantial mortality.

Background: Suitable experimental models of gallstone pancreatitis with systemic inflammation and mortality are limited. We developed a novel murine model of duct-ligation-induced acute pancreatitis associated with multiorgan dysfunction and severe mortality.

Methods: Laparotomy was done on C57/BL6 mice followed by pancreatic duct (PD) ligation, bile duct (BD) ligation without PD ligation, or sham operation.

Validation of a novel physical activity assessment device in morbidly obese females.

Assessment of physical activity in morbidly obese subjects is important especially in bariatric surgery. We examined the validity of Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity (IDEEA) for measuring physical activity and sedentary behavior in morbidly obese women. Activity types, gait counts, and speed detected by the IDEEA monitor were compared to those reported by an observer.

Dominant negative p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression inhibits NF-kappaB activation in AR42J cells.

Background: The role of the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in acute pancreatitis pathogenesis is controversial. We hypothesize that p38 plays a role in regulating NF-kappaB activation in exocrine pancreatic cells.

Methods: AR42J cells incorporating an NF-kappaB-responsive luciferase reporter, with and without adenoviral transduction of DNp38, were stimulated with cholecystokinin (CCK) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) prior to measuring NF-kappaB activation.

Nuclear factor kappa B-dependent gene transcription in cholecystokinin- and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-stimulated isolated acinar cells is regulated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.

Background: Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) are implicated in early stages of acute pancreatitis pathogenesis. We investigated the relationship between the p38 MAP kinase and NF-kappaB in isolated acinar cells.

Methods: Isolated rodent acinar cells were stimulated with agonists after infection with an adenovector containing a luciferase promoter driven only by NF-kappaB and an adenovector containing the dominant negative (DN) form of p38 (empty vector in controls).