Film before aggregates: an GISAXS study on electrochemically assisted surfactant assembly.

The process of electrochemically assisted surfactant assembly was followed in real time by grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering with the aim to deconvolute the formation of mesoporous silica film and unwanted porous particles. The X-ray technique proved to be useful for the characterisation of this process, as it takes place at a very dynamic, solid/liquid interface. This paper shows the electrochemically driven onset and evolution of silica/surfactant structures.

Does recovery after sport-related concussion vary by time point in a season? A multi-sport investigation.

Objective: Seasonality, or the specific point in time within a season in which the injury occurs, may have an impact on the recovery following sport-related concussions (SRCs). In a cohort of high school athletes across multiple sports, the authors sought to investigate the impact of seasonality on 1) concussion frequency, 2) acute symptom presentation (initial Post-Concussion Symptom Scale [PCSS] score), and 3) recovery outcomes, including the time to return to learn (RTL), symptom resolution (SR), and return to play (RTP).

Methods: A retrospective, single-institution, cohort study was conducted with adolescent athletes aged 14-19 years who sustained an SRC between November 2017 and April 2022 and presented to a multidisciplinary specialty concussion clinic.

Combined Electrochemical, XPS, and STXM Study of Lithium Nitride as a Protective Coating for Lithium Metal and Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

LiN is an excellent protective coating material for lithium electrodes with very high lithium-ion conductivity and low electronic conductivity, but the formation of stable and homogeneous coatings is technically very difficult. Here, we show that protective LiN coatings can be simply formed by the direct reaction of electrodeposited lithium electrodes with N gas, whereas using battery-grade lithium foil is problematic due to the presence of a native passivation layer that hampers that reaction. The protective LiN coating is effective at preventing lithium dendrite formation, as found from unidirectional plating and plating-stripping measurements in Li-Li cells.

LiFePO Battery Material for the Production of Lithium from Brines: Effect of Brine Composition and Benefits of Dilution.

Lithium battery materials can be advantageously used for the selective sequestration of lithium ions from natural resources, which contain other cations in high excess. However, for practical applications, this new approach for lithium production requires the battery host materials to be stable over many cycles while retaining the high lithium selectivity. Here, a nearly symmetrical cell design was employed to show that LiFePO shows good capacity retention with cycling in artificial lithium brines representative of brines from Chile, Bolivia and Argentina.

Elevated serum antibody responses to synthetic mycobacterial lipid antigens among UK farmers: an indication of exposure to environmental mycobacteria?

: mycobacterial cells contain complex mixtures of mycolic acid esters. These can be used as antigens recognised by antibodies in the serum of individuals with active tuberculosis, caused by . In high burden populations, a significant number of false positives are observed; possibly these antigens are also recognised by antibodies generated by other mycobacterial infections, particularly ubiquitous 'environmental mycobacteria'.

Pressure-Tuneable Visible-Range Band Gap in the Ionic Spinel Tin Nitride.

The application of pressure allows systematic tuning of the charge density of a material cleanly, that is, without changes to the chemical composition via dopants, and exploratory high-pressure experiments can inform the design of bulk syntheses of materials that benefit from their properties under compression. The electronic and structural response of semiconducting tin nitride Sn N under compression is now reported. A continuous opening of the optical band gap was observed from 1.