pH-gradient real-time aeration control for nitritation community selection in a non-porous hollow fiber membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) with dilute wastewater.

Nitritation (ammonium to nitrite) as a pre-treatment of Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) is a key step for an energy-efficient nitrogen-removal alternative from dilute wastewaters, e.g. anaerobically-treated sewage, with which limited study has achieved sustainable nitritation at ambient temperature and short hydraulic retention times.