Implementation of Contraception Care for Psychiatrically Hospitalized Adolescents: A Hybrid Type 2 Effectiveness-Implementation Study.

Purpose: To examine the implementation and effectiveness of a contraception care intervention for adolescents hospitalized with psychiatric disorders.

Methods: This prospective, observational, hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation study examined the effectiveness of the Contraception Care at the Behavioral Health Pavilion (CC@BHP) intervention in 4 inpatient psychiatric units at a quaternary children's hospital. A multifaceted implementation blueprint guided implementation.

c-Src Is Responsible for Mitochondria-Mediated Arrhythmic Risk in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Increased mitochondrial Ca uptake has been implicated in the QT prolongation and lethal arrhythmias associated with nonischemic cardiomyopathy. We attempted to define the role of mitochondria in ischemic arrhythmic risk and to identify upstream regulators.

Methods: Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in wild-type FVB/NJ mice by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery.

Cardiac Development Long Non-Coding RNA () Is Activated during Human Heart Development and Contributes to Cardiac Specification and Homeostasis.

Successful heart development depends on the careful orchestration of a network of transcription factors and signaling pathways. In recent years, in vitro cardiac differentiation using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) has been used to uncover the intricate gene-network regulation involved in the proper formation and function of the human heart. Here, we searched for uncharacterized cardiac-development genes by combining a temporal evaluation of human cardiac specification in vitro with an analysis of gene expression in fetal and adult heart tissue.

Macrophage IL-1β mediates atrial fibrillation risk in diabetic mice.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). The mechanisms underlying DM-associated AF are unclear. AF and DM are both related to inflammation.

Atrial Myopathy Quantified by Speckle-tracking Echocardiography in Mice.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that atrial myopathy may be the underlying pathophysiology that explains adverse cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation. Lower left atrial (LA) function (strain) is a key biomarker of atrial myopathy, but murine LA strain has not been described, thus limiting translational investigation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize LA function by speckle-tracking echocardiography in mouse models of atrial myopathy.

Beyond Ion Homeostasis: Hypomagnesemia, Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin Channel 7, Mitochondrial Function, and Inflammation.

As the second most abundant intracellular divalent cation, magnesium (Mg) is essential for cell functions, such as ATP production, protein/DNA synthesis, protein activity, and mitochondrial function. Mg plays a critical role in heart rhythm, muscle contraction, and blood pressure. A significant decline in Mg intake has been reported in developed countries because of the increased consumption of processed food and filtered/deionized water, which can lead to hypomagnesemia (HypoMg).

Lysosomal Ca flux modulates automaticity in ventricular cardiomyocytes and correlates with arrhythmic risk.

Automaticity involves Ca handling at the cell membrane and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Abnormal or acquired automaticity is thought to initiate ventricular arrhythmias associated with myocardial ischemia. Ca flux from mitochondria can influence automaticity, and lysosomes also release Ca.

TRPM7 kinase mediates hypomagnesemia-induced seizure-related death.

Hypomagnesemia (HypoMg) can cause seizures and death, but the mechanism is unknown. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M 7 (TRPM7) is a Mg transporter with both channel and kinase function. In this study, we focused on the kinase role of TRPM7 in HypoMg-induced seizures and death.

Inflammatory Macrophage Interleukin-1β Mediates High-Fat Diet-Induced Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a main risk factor for diastolic dysfunction (DD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. High-fat diet (HFD) mice presented with diabetes mellitus, DD, higher cardiac interleukin (IL)-1β levels, and proinflammatory cardiac macrophage accumulation. DD was significantly ameliorated by suppressing IL-1β signaling or depleting macrophages.

miR-448 regulates potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 4 (KCNA4) in ischemia and heart failure.

Background: MicroRNA miR-448 mediates some of the effects of ischemia on arrhythmic risk. Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 4 (KCNA4) encodes a K1.4 current that opens in response to membrane depolarization and is essential for regulating the action potential duration in heart.

The value of second opinions on thyroid nodule management provided via direct-to-consumer telemedicine service.

Purpose: Second medical opinions (SMO) can improve patient outcomes and change medical decision-making. The purpose was to determine the concordance of initial management of thyroid nodules for patients seeking SMO to established management guidelines.

Materials And Methods: Cases of patients consulting a single provider via telemedicine for SMO on the workup and management of thyroid nodule(s) were reviewed from September 2011 to February 2022.

Slow-oscillatory tACS does not modulate human motor cortical response to repeated plasticity paradigms.

Previous history of activity and learning modulates synaptic plasticity and can lead to saturation of synaptic connections. According to the synaptic homeostasis hypothesis, neural oscillations during slow-wave sleep play an important role in restoring plasticity within a functional range. However, it is not known whether slow-wave oscillations-without the concomitant requirement of sleep-play a causal role in human synaptic homeostasis.

Reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca pump activity is antiarrhythmic in ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Background: We have described an arrhythmic mechanism seen only in cardiomyopathy that involves increased mitochondrial Ca handling and selective transfer of Ca to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Modeling suggested that mitochondrial Ca transfer to the SR via type 2a sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase (SERCA2a) is a crucial element of this arrhythmic mechanism.

Objective: We tested the role of SERCA2a in arrhythmias during ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Dual inhibition of MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways enhances maturation of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) provide great opportunities for mechanistic dissection of human cardiac pathophysiology; however, hiPSC-CMs remain immature relative to the adult heart. To identify novel signaling pathways driving the maturation process during heart development, we analyzed published transcriptional and epigenetic datasets from hiPSC-CMs and prenatal and postnatal human hearts. These analyses revealed that several components of the MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways are downregulated in the postnatal heart.

Circulating S-Glutathionylated cMyBP-C as a Biomarker for Cardiac Diastolic Dysfunction.

Background cMyBP-C (Cardiac myosin binding protein-C) regulates cardiac contraction and relaxation. Previously, we demonstrated that elevated myocardial S-glutathionylation of cMyBP-C correlates with diastolic dysfunction (DD) in animal models. In this study, we tested whether circulating S-glutathionylated cMyBP-C would be a biomarker for DD.

Preventing unfolded protein response-induced ion channel dysregulation to treat arrhythmias.

Cardiomyopathies are associated with arrhythmias and cardiac ion channel downregulation. This downregulation is arrhythmogenic. Paradoxically, antiarrhythmic therapies are based on ion channel-blocking drugs that further downregulate these channels and exhibit proarrhythmic risk.

Postoperative Use of Ketorolac Improves Pain Management and Decreases Narcotic Use Following Primary Cleft Palate Surgery.

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety profile of ketorolac in cleft palate surgery.

Design: Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent primary cleft palate surgery and received either postoperative ketorolac or opioids.

Setting: Tertiary care children's hospital.

Cardiac Resynchronization and Circulating Markers of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Handling and Sudden Death Risk.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) can improve heart function and decrease arrhythmic events. We tested whether CRT altered circulating markers of calcium handling and sudden death risk. Circulating cardiac sodium channel messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing variants indicate arrhythmic risk, and a reduction in sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium adenosine triphosphatase 2a (SERCA2a) is thought to diminish contractility in heart failure.

Inhibition of the unfolded protein response reduces arrhythmia risk after myocardial infarction.

Ischemic cardiomyopathy is associated with an increased risk of sudden death, activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), and reductions in multiple cardiac ion channels. When activated, the protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) branch of the UPR reduces protein translation and abundance. We hypothesized that PERK inhibition could prevent ion channel downregulation and reduce arrhythmia risk after myocardial infarct (MI).

Magnesium Deficiency Causes a Reversible, Metabolic, Diastolic Cardiomyopathy.

Background Dietary Mg intake is associated with a decreased risk of developing heart failure, whereas low circulating Mg level is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. We investigated whether Mg deficiency alone could cause cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results C57BL/6J mice were fed with a low Mg (low-Mg, 15-30 mg/kg Mg) or a normal Mg (nl-Mg, 600 mg/kg Mg) diet for 6 weeks.

Frequent Premature Atrial Contractions Are Associated With Poorer Cognitive Function in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.

Objective: To evaluate the association of premature atrial contraction (PAC) frequency with cognitive test scores and prevalence of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study visit 6 (January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2017) data. We included 2163 participants without atrial fibrillation (AF) (age mean ± SD, 79±4 years; 1273 (58.