Geographic Transitions of Domestic Cats in Urban Areas through Animal Adoption Centers and the Implications for Population Dynamics.

Animal shelters address animal welfare in communities through the intake and outcome of companion animals, but these efforts affect population dynamics of companion animals based on the distance animals are moved and the factors that underlie intake and outcome. Using data from an animal shelter in Washington, DC we analyzed cat intakes and outcomes based on geographic and socioeconomic factors. Most intakes were stray cats (59%) and cats relinquished by owners (38%) and most outcomes were adoptions (84%).

Don't use it? Don't lose it! Why active use is not required for stimuli, resources or "enrichments" to have welfare value.

Current frameworks for designing and evaluating good enclosures and "enrichments" typically focus on animals' active interactions with these features. This has undoubtedly improved the welfare of zoo-housed animals over the last 30 years or more. However, literature reviews from this same period identify persistent gaps in how such frameworks are applied: experiences and behaviors that do not rely on active interaction with stimuli or resources are largely ignored, when evaluating the welfare value of enclosures and enrichments within them.

Coccidioidomycosis of the Vocal Cords Presenting in Sepsis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Coccidioidomycosis is a predominantly pulmonary disease caused by species of , a fungus endemic to the American Southwest. Most cases involve exclusively pulmonary manifestations while less than one percent present with disseminated infection, usually with meningeal or skin involvement. In this case, a patient with a history of odynophagia, sore throat, productive cough, weight loss, and abnormalities on chest radiograph presented with sepsis and diabetic ketoacidosis.

Risk Factors for Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Study Design/setting: This was a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Specifically, we evaluated: (1) demographic risk factors; (2) comorbid risk factors; (3) indications for surgery; and (4) lengths of stay.

The ghost of outcrossing past in downy brome, an inbreeding annual grass.

We investigated the frequency of outcrossing in downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), a cleistogamous weedy annual grass, in both common garden and wild populations, using microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers. In the common garden study, 25 lines with strongly contrasting genotypes were planted in close proximity.