Nanoscale heterogeneity of ultrafast many-body carrier dynamics in triple cation perovskites.

In high fluence applications of lead halide perovskites for light-emitting diodes and lasers, multi-polaron interactions and associated Auger recombination limit the device performance. However, the relationship of the ultrafast and strongly lattice coupled carrier dynamics to nanoscale heterogeneities has remained elusive. Here, in ultrafast visible-pump infrared-probe nano-imaging of the photoinduced carrier dynamics in triple cation perovskite films, a ~20 % variation in sub-ns relaxation dynamics with spatial disorder on tens to hundreds of nanometer is resolved.

Semi-empirical quantum optics for mid-infrared molecular nanophotonics.

Nanoscale infrared (IR) resonators with sub-diffraction limited mode volumes and open geometries have emerged as new platforms for implementing cavity quantum electrodynamics at room temperature. The use of IR nanoantennas and tip nanoprobes to study strong light-matter coupling of molecular vibrations with the vacuum field can be exploited for IR quantum control with nanometer spatial and femtosecond temporal resolution. In order to advance the development of molecule-based quantum nanophotonics in the mid-IR, we propose a generally applicable semi-empirical methodology based on quantum optics to describe light-matter interaction in systems driven by mid-IR femtosecond laser pulses.

Ultrafast infrared nano-imaging of far-from-equilibrium carrier and vibrational dynamics.

Ultrafast infrared nano-imaging has demonstrated access to ultrafast carrier dynamics on the nanoscale in semiconductor, correlated-electron, or polaritonic materials. However, mostly limited to short-lived transient states, the contrast obtained has remained insufficient to probe important long-lived excitations, which arise from many-body interactions induced by strong perturbation among carriers, lattice phonons, or molecular vibrations. Here, we demonstrate ultrafast infrared nano-imaging based on excitation modulation and sideband detection to characterize electron and vibration dynamics with nano- to micro-second lifetimes.

2D Vibrational Exciton Nanoimaging of Domain Formation in Self-Assembled Monolayers.

Order, disorder, and domains affect many of the functional properties in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). However, carrier transport, wettability, and chemical reactivity are often associated with collective effects, where conventional imaging techniques have limited sensitivity to the underlying intermolecular coupling. Here we demonstrate vibrational excitons as a molecular ruler of intermolecular wave function delocalization and nanodomain size in SAMs.

The "Speckle Sign" in the Diagnosis of Posterior Compartment Endometriosis.

Objective: To determine usefulness of the "speckle sign" in the diagnosis of deep invasive endometriosis.

Materials And Methods: This HIPAA-compliant, institutional review board-approved retrospective study with informed consent waived included 25 women (mean age 20-69 years) with histopathologically confirmed posterior cul-de-sac endometriosis between 2013 and 2018. Transvaginal ultrasound exams of these patients were reviewed by 2 expert radiologists searching for the "speckle sign," defined as irregular obliteration of the posterior cul-de-sac and bright (hyperechoic) internal echoes.

Sonovaginography: A Useful Technique in the Assessment of the Lower Genital Tract.

Conventional sonographic evaluation of the cervix and vagina is compromised by inattention, poor subject contrast, and obscuring artifacts. We describe a technique involving distention of the vaginal canal and fornices with ultrasound gel, providing an acoustic window for improved definition of the cervix and vagina. This exam is usually performed in concert with transvaginal sonography, but a transabdominal or transperineal approach may be more useful in selected scenarios.

Targeted Nanoparticle Thermometry: A Method to Measure Local Temperature at the Nanoscale Point Where Water Vapor Nucleation Occurs.

An optical nanothermometer technique based on laser trapping, moving and targeted attaching an erbium oxide nanoparticle cluster is developed to measure the local temperature. The authors apply this new nanoscale temperature measuring technique (limited by the size of the nanoparticles) to measure the temperature of vapor nucleation in water. Vapor nucleation is observed after superheating water above the boiling point for degassed and nondegassed water.

Merkel cell carcinoma in a patient with noninvasive vulvar Paget's disease.

We present the first case of inguinal Merkel cell carcinoma of unknown primary origin in a patient with vulvar Paget's disease. Correlation with immune suppression of both entities warrants further investigation. Additionally, this case highlights the value of ultrasound scanning in the detection of inguinal metastasis.

Complete septate uterus, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal anomaly: pregnancy course complicated by a rare urogenital anomaly.

Background: Abnormalities of the female reproductive tract are associated with a multitude of intrapartum complications. In the case that follows, we report the complicated pregnancy course of a woman diagnosed postpartum with the uncommon syndrome of obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA) associated with a complete septate uterus.

Case: A 19-year-old nulliparous woman with a history of a right nephrectomy secondary to multicystic dysplastic kidney disease presented with premature rupture of membranes at 30 weeks' gestation.

A Retrospective Study of Osteogenesis Imperfecta in Dakhliya region, Sultanate of Oman.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and the clinical characteristics of osteogenic imperfecta in the Dakhliya region of the Sultanate of Oman.

Methods: Retrospective study of all cases of OI diagnosed and followed in Nizwa hospital since 2000. Data was collected from the case files obtained from the medical record department.

First-trimester Doppler investigation of the uterine circulation.

There is now strong evidence that fetal events can significantly impact postnatal health and disease development. Doppler velocimetry can identify some early pathologic changes in pregnancy. Many investigators have tried to delineate the normal and pathologic models of the uterine circulation in the first trimester, but much has yet to be defined.

The role of sonographic endometrial patterns and endometrial thickness in the differential diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of the endometrial trilaminar pattern and thickness in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Study Design: We reviewed patient records for clinical and ultrasonographic data for patients with the suspicion of ectopic pregnancy. The trilaminar pattern and endometrial thickness were tested as predictors for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Recognition of the ovaries and ovarian origin of pelvic masses with CT.

Knowledge of the morphologic features and ligamentous attachments of the ovaries, the relationship of the ovary to the ureter, and the course of the ovarian vein and artery is necessary for confident recognition of the ovaries and differentiation between ovarian and nonovarian masses with computed tomography (CT). The suspensory ligament attaches the ovary to the pelvic sidewall and transmits the ovarian vein and artery. This ligament may be seen at CT as a linear or fan-shaped soft-tissue band leading to the ovary.