Rising illicit drug Adulterants: Xylazine and levamisole.

The increasing prevalence of xylazine and levamisole as adulterants in illicit drugs presents significant challenges for medical professionals. This review aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms of action, prevalence of adulteration, and detection methods for xylazine and levamisole. Clinical implications associated with xylazine and levamisole-contaminated drugs are also discussed.

Differential Effect of Non-Thermal Plasma RONS on Two Human Leukemic Cell Populations.

Non-thermal plasma application to cancer cells is known to induce oxidative stress, cytotoxicity and indirect immunostimulatory effects on antigen presenting cells (APCs). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the responses of two leukemic cell lines-Jurkat T lymphocytes and THP-1 monocytes-to NTP-generated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). Both cell types depleted hydrogen peroxide, but THP-1 cells neutralized it almost immediately.