Asian neuropsychologists: Current state, gaps, barriers, and future directions.

As the field of neuropsychology continues expanding efforts to better recruit providers and serve individuals from diverse populations, understanding the training and practice experiences of neuropsychologists from diverse backgrounds is crucial. Given the diversity of Asian populations, the experiences of Asian neuropsychologists offer a unique opportunity to reflect on the progress made in addressing issues related to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). This information will help address challenges related to education, training, and clinical practice, particularly in meeting growing demands for neuropsychological evaluations among Asian populations and addressing unique challenges.

Dynamic Changes in Chloride Homeostasis Coordinate Midbrain Inhibitory Network Activity during Reward Learning.

The ability to associate environmental stimuli with positive outcomes is a fundamental form of learning. While extensive research has focused on the response profiles of midbrain dopamine neurons during associative learning, less is known about learning-mediated changes in the afferents that shape their responses. We demonstrate that during critical phases of learning, anion homeostasis in midbrain GABA neurons - a primary source of input to dopamine neurons - is disrupted due to downregulation of the chloride transporter KCC2.

A Phenomenological Qualitative Study Protocol and Semi-Structured Interview Guide Development to Identify Perceptions, Experiences, Facilitators and Inhibitors in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis Undergoing Rehabilitation in a Low- and Middle-Income Country.

Background: Perceptions, experiences, facilitators, and inhibitors of disease among patients may be shaped by their lifestyle and cultural background. Despite the significance of understanding their perspectives and experiences about disease for the prevention and management of osteoarthritis (OA) through physiotherapy, this subject has not been explored among patients with knee OA (PKOA) from lower and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Purpose: This study aims to explore the perception, and experiences of knee OA and physiotherapy treatment and identify the facilitators and inhibitors of physiotherapy treatment in PKOA from a lower- and middle-income country, India.

Correlation between vestibular response to caloric stimulation and cochlear function in Ménière's disease.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between caloric testing response patterns with respect to cochlear impairment in individuals with unilateral Ménière's disease.

Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, the factor under study was Ménière's disease and the outcome was cochleovestibular function, evaluated through caloric stimulation using videonystagmography and four-frequency averages in pure tone audiometry.

Results: A total of 187 patients (equal sex distribution) who met the inclusion criteria were included.

Analysis of Ni-Cu Interaction in Aluminum-Based Alloys: Hardness, Tensile and Precipitation Behavior.

The present work was aimed at quantifying the effects of Ni addition in the range of 0-4% together with 0.3%Zr on the hardness and the tensile properties, volume fraction of intermetallics, and changes in size and distribution of phase precipitation in Sr-modified Al-9%Si-2%Cu-0.6%Mg cast alloys.

Patients' Experiences, Satisfaction and Quality of Life With Physiotherapy Follow-Up After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Phenomenological Qualitative Study Protocol.

Introduction: Available quantitative studies indicate that patients who have undergone Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) experience dissatisfaction. There is a lack of comprehensive information on the experiences, satisfaction, and quality of life of patients after TKA. Hence, there is a need to explore the patients' perspective about the satisfaction and experiences undergoing rehabilitation and to explore the factors influencing quality of life with physiotherapy after 1st and 3rd months of TKA.

Multiple Infections Caused by Probiotics at Pediatric and Adult Academic Medical Centers.

Background: Probiotics are synthetic oral supplements containing live bacterial and fungal species hypothesized to help with various gastrointestinal conditions. However, they can cause infection if the organism spreads outside of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to identify and describe patients who experienced systemic infections caused by probiotic use.

Optimizing e-Learning in CPD: Preferences and Perceptions of Health Professionals.

Introduction: Continuing professional development for health professionals increasingly relies on e-learning. However, there is insufficient research into the instructional strategies health professionals prefer to engage with in e-learning. An empirical study was undertaken to answer the research question: What instructional strategies do learners prefer in e-learning modules to improve their learning experience?

Methods: The Department of Health Professions Education at the Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences developed six, stand-alone, self-paced modules for health professionals focusing on education and leadership.

Computationally designed Spike antigens induce neutralising responses against the breadth of SARS-COV-2 variants.

Updates of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are required to generate immunity in the population against constantly evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns (VOCs). Here we describe three novel in-silico designed spike-based antigens capable of inducing neutralising antibodies across a spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. Three sets of antigens utilising pre-Delta (T2_32), and post-Gamma sequence data (T2_35 and T2_36) were designed.

When Jack isn't Jacques: Simultaneous opposite language-specific speech perceptual learning in French-English bilinguals.

Humans are remarkably good at understanding spoken language, despite the huge variability of the signal as a function of the talker, the situation, and the environment. This success relies on having access to stable representations based on years of speech input, coupled with the ability to adapt to short-term deviations from these norms, e.g.

Application of longitudinal multilevel zero inflated Poisson regression in modeling of infectious diseases among infants in Ethiopia.

Background: In sub-Saharan African countries, preventable and manageable diseases such as diarrhea and acute respiratory infections still claim the lives of children. Hence, this study aims to estimate the rate of change in the log expected number of days a child suffers from Diarrhea (NOD) and flu/common cold (NOF) among children aged 6 to 11 months at the baseline of the study.

Methodology: This study used secondary data which exhibit a longitudinal and multilevel structure.

The relationship of speech perception and speech production: It's complicated.

A widely held belief is that speech perception and speech production are tightly linked, with each modality available to help with learning in the other modality. This positive relationship is often summarized as perception and production being "two sides of the same coin." There are, indeed, many situations that have shown this mutually supportive relationship.

Mobile game addiction and its association with musculoskeletal pain among students: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether there is a difference in musculoskeletal pain between those who are addicted to mobile games and those who are not, to ascertain the association between mobile game addiction and socio-demographic variables, and to ascertain the pain predictor for mobile game addiction on different musculoskeletal regions.

Methods: There were 840 students in all, both males and females, in this cross-sectional survey from three distinct Bangladeshi institutions. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire, the Gaming Addiction Scale, and the demographic data form were distributed to the participants.

Pediatric Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas.

Background: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas in children is a rare tumor with low malignant potential. Some tumors, however, behave aggressively. There is very little literature on managing these variants, especially in children.

Perceptions of Key Responsibilities and Professional Development Interests of Senior Educational Leaders: A Needs Assessment.

Purpose: High-ranking educational leaders in academic medicine oversee multiple clinical programs. This requires them to prioritize dozens of emergent tasks and responsibilities daily, from educational policy and strategy to staff management, financial planning, onboarding of trainees, and facility planning and management. Identifying their key responsibilities and frequently used skills and competencies may clarify the educational needs of senior educational leaders and facilitate targeted professional development to promote effective and efficient performance.

Practice of district health information data for decision making and associated factors among performance monitoring team at Hadiya Zone Public Health Facilities SNNPR, Ethiopia.

Background: Evidence based practice is a key tool to increase effectiveness and efficiency of healthcare providers worldwide and using health facility data at all levels is vital. But, it is poorly practiced in developing countries including Ethiopia. As a result, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of practice of District Health Information for decision making and associated factors among performance monitoring teams in Hadiya Zone public health facilities, South Nation Nationality People Republic, Ethiopia, in 2022.

Impact of preoperative age-adjusted sagittal imbalance on radiographic and clinical outcomes following 1-level minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Objective: Prior studies investigating the use of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) for treatment of degenerative lumbar conditions and concomitant sagittal deformity have not stratified patients by preoperative pelvic incidence (PI)-lumbar lordosis (LL) mismatch, which is the earliest parameter to deteriorate in mild sagittal deformity. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the impact of preoperative PI-LL mismatch on clinical outcomes and sagittal balance restoration among patients undergoing MI-TLIF for degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS).

Methods: Consecutive adult patients undergoing primary 1-level MI-TLIF between April 2017 and April 2022 for DS with ≥ 6 months radiographic follow-up were included.

Overnight Electroencephalogram to Forecast Epilepsy Development in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: To establish the utility of long-term electroencephalogram (EEG) in forecasting epilepsy onset in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Study Design: A single-institution, retrospective analysis of children with ASD, examining long-term overnight EEG recordings collected over a period of 15 years, was conducted. Clinical EEG findings, patient demographics, medical histories, and additional Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule data were examined.

E-learning Interventions for Quality Improvement Continuing Medical Education-A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Improving health care quality and patient safety are top priorities for the medical field. Robust continuing medical education (CME) programs represent major interventions to effectively teach quality improvement (QI) principles to practicing physicians. In particular, eLearning, a term describing online and distance learning interventions using digital tools, provides a means for CME interventions to reach broader audiences.

Capturing cell morphology dynamics with high temporal resolution using single-shot quantitative phase gradient imaging.

Significance: Label-free quantitative phase imaging can potentially measure cellular dynamics with minimal perturbation, motivating efforts to develop faster and more sensitive instrumentation. We characterize fast, single-shot quantitative phase gradient microscopy (ss-QPGM) that simultaneously acquires multiple polarization components required to reconstruct phase images. We integrate a computationally efficient least squares algorithm to provide real-time, video-rate imaging (up to ).

SmartEM: machine-learning guided electron microscopy.

Connectomics provides essential nanometer-resolution, synapse-level maps of neural circuits to understand brain activity and behavior. However, few researchers have access to the high-throughput electron microscopes necessary to generate enough data for whole circuit or brain reconstruction. To date, machine-learning methods have been used after the collection of images by electron microscopy (EM) to accelerate and improve neuronal segmentation, synapse reconstruction and other data analysis.

Common principles for odour coding across vertebrates and invertebrates.

The olfactory system is an ideal and tractable system for exploring how the brain transforms sensory inputs into behaviour. The basic tasks of any olfactory system include odour detection, discrimination and categorization. The challenge for the olfactory system is to transform the high-dimensional space of olfactory stimuli into the much smaller space of perceived objects and valence that endows odours with meaning.