Concentrations, transport characteristics, and health risks of PM-bound trace elements over a national park in central India.

Fine particulate matter (PM) mass and its chemical constituents were measured over Van Vihar National Park (VVNP) in Bhopal, central India. Fine PM collected over two years onto Teflon filters using a Mini-Vol® sampler were analyzed for trace elements using an Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometer. The temporal behaviour, dry deposition fluxes and transport pathways of elements, in addition to their health risks were examined in this study.

Source apportionment of fine particulate matter over a National Park in Central India.

PM mass and chemical constituents were measured over Van Vihar National Park (VVNP), a forested location within Bhopal. Positive Matrix Factorization (USEPA PMF5) was applied to two-year long (2012 and 2013) measurements of PM chemical species including water-soluble inorganic ions, organic, pyrolitic, and elemental carbon, and trace elements for the quantitative apportionment of PM mass. The model resolved seven factors.

"They don't like us….": Barriers to antiretroviral and opioid substitution therapy among homeless HIV positive people who inject drugs in Delhi: A mixed method study.

Background: Provision of Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) and Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST) are important components of the targeted intervention (TI) programme for people who inject drugs (PWID). Homeless HIV positive PWIDs in Delhi is a key population experiencing gaps in uptake of these services, especially the ART uptake which is reportedly far from 90%, UNAIDS' 90-90-90 target to end the AIDS epidemic.

Objective: To assess the gaps and barriers in accessing the ART and OST services uptake among HIV positive homeless PWID in Delhi and to explore experiences and perspectives of the PWIDs and service providers.

PM and PM chemical source profiles with optical attenuation and health risk indicators of paved and unpaved road dust in Bhopal, India.

Size classified (PM and PM) paved and unpaved road dust chemical source profiles, optical attenuation and potential health risk from exposure to these sources are reported in this study. A total of 45 samples from 9 paved road and 6 unpaved road sites located in and around Bhopal were re-suspended in the laboratory, collected onto filter substrates and subjected to a variety of chemical analyses. In general, road dust was enriched (compared to upper continental crustal abundance) in anthropogenic pollutants including Sb, Cu, Zn, Co, and Pb.

First measurements of ambient aerosol over an ecologically sensitive zone in Central India: Relationships between PM2.5 mass, its optical properties, and meteorology.

PM2.5 mass and its optical properties were measured over an ecologically sensitive zone in Central India between January and December, 2012. Meteorological parameters including temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and barometric pressure were also monitored.