From overgrazed land to forests: assessing soil health in the Caatinga biome.

Overgrazing is the primary human-induced cause of soil degradation in the Caatinga biome, intensely threatening lands vulnerable to desertification. Grazing exclusion, a simple and cost-effective practice, could restore soils' ecological functions. However, comprehensive insights into the effects of overgrazing and grazing exclusion on Caatinga soils' multifunctionality are lacking.

Speech Outcomes After Primary Palatoplasty and Presurgical Cleft Characteristics: Is There a Predictive Association?

Speech disorders related to cleft lip and palate exhibit different degrees of involvement and can occur even after primary palate repair. Hypernasality can be present as a result of velopharyngeal insufficiency, as well as nasal emission, weak pressure, articulatory errors and facial grimace, affecting speech intelligibility. Palatoplasty outcomes can be variable, and among the influencing factors are the surgical technique, the surgeon's experience, the postoperative care, and the patient/cleft characteristics.

Relationship Between Vitamin D Insufficiency and Anemia in Older Adults: An Approach Considering Clinical Aspects and Food Insecurity.

Background/objectives: Studies have shown a high prevalence of anemia and vitamin D insufficiency in older adults, and the literature suggests a relationship between these two conditions, as vitamin D insufficiency may impair erythrocyte synthesis. Food insecurity refers to the lack of regular access to sufficient and nutritious food, which can directly affect health by worsening conditions such as anemia and vitamin D insufficiency. This study evaluated the association between vitamin D insufficiency and anemia in older adults.

Multidimensional social influence drives leadership and composition-dependent success in octopus-fish hunting groups.

Collective behaviour, social interactions and leadership in animal groups are often driven by individual differences. However, most studies focus on same-species groups, in which individual variation is relatively low. Multispecies groups, however, entail interactions among highly divergent phenotypes, ranging from simple exploitative actions to complex coordinated networks.

Burnout syndrome in Primary Health Care.

Introduction: The labor situation is considered essential for social follow-up; however, the contradiction between its importance and the psychic changes it can cause to workers should be considered.

Objectives: To check the presence of burnout syndrome in Primary Health Care workers in a municipality in the interior of the state of São Paulo and to check the association with the sociodemographic and labor data of these workers.

Methods: Exploratory cross-sectional and quantitative study with 74 workers and developed from July to October 2020.

Assessment of Shear Fracture Energy in Hybrid Composites with Natural and Synthetic Fibers.

Composite materials made with synthetic fibers are extensively employed across a diverse array of engineering structures. However, from an environmental point of view, synthetic fibers do not represent the best choice, since they are not renewable and are not biodegradable as natural fibers. This study investigates the application of adhesive joints with hybrid composites, which combine natural and synthetic fibers, as potential replacements for traditional composites made solely from synthetic fibers.

Association between telomere length and anorexia of ageing: a cross-sectional study conducted with community-dwelling older people.

Background: To verify whether shorter telomere length is associated with anorexia of ageing in community-dwelling older people.

Methods: Conducted as a cross-sectional investigation, the study enrolled 448 participants residing in an urban area of a municipality in Brazil. Relative telomere length in blood samples was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), whereas the presence of anorexia of ageing was determined using the Simplified Appetite Nutritional Questionnaire.

Sepsis death risk factor score based on systemic inflammatory response syndrome, quick sequential organ failure assessment, and comorbidities.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the death risk factors of patients included in the sepsis protocol bundle, using clinical data from qSOFA, SIRS, and comorbidities, as well as development of a mortality risk score.

Design: This retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2016 and 2021.

Setting: Two university hospitals in Brazil.

Effect of hospitalisation on the rate of surgical site infection in dogs with Penrose drains.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to retrospectively report complication and infection rates associated with the use of Penrose drains in a large population of dogs; and to compare complication and infection rates of dogs hospitalised for maintenance of their Penrose drains with those that were discharged home with their drains in place.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective search of medical records from 2014 to 2022 for dogs that had a Penrose drain placed into a wound in one institution. Our population was sub-divided into dogs discharged home with a drain in place; dogs discharged only after drain removal; and dogs recovered part of the time in hospital and part at home (with the drain in situ).

Relationships Between Mental Health, Negative Feelings of COVID-19, and Parenting Among Pregnant Women in Fortaleza, Brazil.

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the literature highlighted an increased risk of child abuse and the use of negative parenting practices. Furthermore, pregnancy during this time may have been challenging and generated different feelings regarding the pandemic and motherhood. Many pregnant women had other young children, underscoring the need to understand this scenario better.

Factors associated with decision time to seek care in the face of ischemic stroke.

Objective: To verify the association between sociodemographic, clinical, environmental, cognitive, and emotional factors and the decision time of people with ischemic stroke to seek a health service after the onset of symptoms or wake up stroke.

Method: Cross-sectional study carried out from March to October 2019, with 304 patients, in a public hospital, a reference in neurology. Data obtained through interview and from medical records.

Climate-Change Impacts on Cephalopods: A Meta-Analysis.

Aside from being one of the most fascinating groups of marine organisms, cephalopods play a major role in marine food webs, both as predators and as prey, while representing key living economic assets, namely for artisanal and subsistence fisheries worldwide. Recent research suggests that cephalopods are benefitting from ongoing environmental changes and the overfishing of certain fish stocks (i.e.

Evolution of in the human lung: Cumulative mutations and genomic rearrangement of porin genes in patient isolates.

Background: subspecies ( ) is increasingly recognized as an emerging bacterial pathogen, particularly in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and CF centres' respiratory outbreaks. We characterized genomic and phenotypic changes in 15 serial isolates from two CF patients (1S and 2B) with chronic pulmonary M. massiliense infection leading to death, as well as four isolates from a CF centre outbreak in which patient 2B was the index case.

DC-SIGN receptor is expressed by cells from cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions and differentially binds to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and L. (Leishmania) amazonensis promastigotes.

Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) specific intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-3-grabbing non integrin receptor (DC-SIGN) binds to subgenera Leishmania promastigotes mediating its interaction with DC and neutrophils, potentially influencing the infection outcome.

Objectives: In this work, we investigated whether DC-SIGN receptor is expressed in cells from cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions as well as the in vitro binding pattern of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (Lb) and L. (L.

Impacts of Low Oxygen on Marine Life: Neglected, but a Crucial Priority for Research.

AbstractGlobal ocean O content has varied significantly across the eons, both shaping and being shaped by the evolutionary history of life on planet Earth. Indeed, past O fluctuations have been associated with major extinctions and the reorganization of marine biota. Moreover, its most recent iteration-now anthropogenically driven-represents one of the most prominent challenges for both marine ecosystems and human societies, with ocean deoxygenation being regarded as one of the main drivers of global biodiversity loss.

Prevalence and factors associated with adverse early childhood experiences: a population-based study in Ceará, Brazil.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences and identify associated factors.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study comprised data from a sample of 3,200 households with 3,566 children under 6 years of age, representative of the state of Ceará, Brazil. A multistage sampling approach was used, with stratification among the state capital, Fortaleza, and the 28 countryside municipalities, in which 160 census tracts were randomly selected, each one with a cluster of 20 households.

Citizen-led expeditions can generate scientific knowledge and prospects for researchers.

Citizen-led explorative expeditions can foster closer connections between the public and the scientific community. Such expeditions have a considerable but mostly unrecognized track record of success and can help create important networks for advancing science.

Degradation of Toluene from Gas Streams by Heterogeneous Fenton Oxidation in a Slurry Bubble Reactor with Activated Carbon-Based Catalysts.

A novel approach for the treatment of volatile organic compounds from gaseous streams was developed. In order to accomplish this, a semi-batch bubble reactor was used, aiming to assess the toluene (selected as model compound) degradation from gaseous streams via heterogeneous Fenton oxidation. Activated carbon-based catalysts-metal-free or iron-impregnated-with different textural and chemical surface properties were used for the first time as catalysts, in order to degrade gaseous toluene using such technology.

Providing a Nursing Care Plan as a Requirement for Secondary Prevention for People Living With HTLV-1.

Introduction: The absence of nursing care plans aimed at people living with HTLV-1 (PLHTLV) led us to develop and test a proposed nursing care plan based on the evaluation of 55 PLHTLV to outline interventions according to the clinical stage.

Methods: After interviews with symptomatic patients, nursing diagnoses were made using the NANDA International Nursing Diagnoses (The International Nursing Knowledge Association). Subsequently, interventions were selected through the Classification of Nursing Interventions (NIC), and expected results were selected through the Classification of Nursing Outcomes (NOC).

Conservative approach to masking a darkened tooth with a direct composite resin restoration: a case report with 5-year follow-up.

The objective of this case report is to describe a direct conservative technique for restoring the esthetics and function of a severely discolored endodontically treated tooth. A 25-year-old man presented with an esthetic complaint about severe darkening of his endodontically treated maxillary left central incisor. The tooth had adequate sound tooth structure, so the placement of a conservative direct composite resin veneer was proposed.

Occupational Therapy for People Living With Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1: Importance and Effectiveness of an Intervention Plan at the Level of Prevention and Rehabilitation.

Introduction: Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy (HAM) restricts activities of daily living (ADLs), affecting health and quality of life. Occupational therapy is used to promote independence during ADL in people living with HTLV (PLHTLV).

Objective: To quantify the clinical aspects, levels of functionality, performance in ADLs and occupational roles of PLHTLV and propose an occupational therapeutic intervention.