Comparative study of heart rate responses to laryngoscopic endotracheal intubation and to endotracheal intubation using intubating laryngeal mask airway under general anaesthesia in patients with pure mitral stenosis for closed mitral commissurotomy.

The various drugs and methods studied in an attempt to curb the haemodynamic stress response associated with conventional laryngoscopic endotracheal intubation have not been found to be ompletely satisfactory. The rise in heart rate can be detrimental to patients with mitral stenosis. This study was aimed to compare the heart rate responses to endotracheal intubation using conventional laryngoscope and with the help of intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA) in patients with isolated mitral stenosis.

Preoperative anxiolysis in pediatric population: A comparative study between oral midazolam and oral ketamine.

Context: Preoperative anxiety is synonymous with pediatric surgery. Anxiolysis is of crucial importance and poses a significant challenge to the pediatric anesthesiologist. Orally administered midazolam and ketamine can be used as anxiolytic premedication in children.

A comparison between volume-controlled ventilation and pressure-controlled ventilation in providing better oxygenation in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: The maintenance of oxygenation is a commonly encountered problem in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. There is no specific guideline on the ventilation modes for this group of patients. Although several studies have been performed to determine the optimal ventilatory settings in these patients, the answer is yet to be found.

Effect of magnesium infusion on thoracic epidural analgesia.

Introduction: Patients of lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) having an ASA status III or more are likely to be further downgraded by surgery to critical levels of pulmonary function.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of thoracic epidural block with (0.125%) bupivacaine, fentanyl combination and (0.

Impact of general versus epidural anesthesia on early post-operative cognitive dysfunction following hip and knee surgery.

Background: Post-operative cognitive dysfunction is the subtle cerebral complication temporally seen following surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the influence of either general anesthesia (GA) or epidural anesthesia (EA) on the early post-operative neurocognitive outcome in elderly (>59 years) subjects undergoing hip and knee surgery.

Methods: A total of 60 patients were recruited in a prospective, randomized, parallel-group study, comparable by age and sex.

Evaluation of Ondansetron-induced QT interval prolongation in the prophylaxis of postoperative emesis.

Background: To avert nausea and vomiting the 5-Hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) antagonists have become the first line of treatment ifassociated with cardiovascular effects andappear to cause QT prolongation.

Objective: Evaluate the effect of 1 mg, 4 mg, and 8 mg bolus doses of intravenous Ondansetron, relative to placebo, in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and to find out the changes of QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc).

Materials And Methods: This prospective randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was carried out among 136 adult participants of both sexes in a tertiary care postgraduate teaching institute at Kolkata.

Controlled transient respiratory arrest along with rapid right ventricular pacing for improving balloon stability during balloon valvuloplasty in pediatric patients with congenital aortic stenosis--a retrospective case series analysis.

Rapid right ventricular pacing is safe, effective, and established method to provide balloon stability during balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV). Controlled transient respiratory arrest at this point of time may further reduce left ventricular stroke volume, providing an additional benefit to maintain balloon stability. Two groups were studied.

Analgesia in post-thoracotomy patients: Comparison between thoracic epidural and thoracic paravertebral blocks.

Background: Acute postoperative pain can cause detrimental effects on multiple organ systems, leading to chronic pain syndromes.

Objective: To compare thoracic epidural block (TEB) and paravertebral block (PVB) for relief of postoperative pain in adult patients undergoing thoracotomy.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized, single-blinded, prospective study, 60 adult patients of both sexes, belonging to ASA physical status I and II, were scheduled for elective thoracotomy under general anesthesia.

A Comparative Study to Determine the Effect of Intravenous Magnesium on Postoperative Bleeding after on Pump CABG in Patients Receiving Pre-Operative Aspirin.

Hypomagnesaemia is a common complication after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and predisposes to the development of cardiac arrhythmias. Previous studies showed that intravenous magnesium reduces the incidence of postoperative cardiac arrhythmias but it also inhibits platelet function. Our aim was to compare the postoperative blood loss in patients not receiving magnesium after CPB with the group who received magnesium and to compare the requirement of blood, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and platelets within 24 hours after surgery.

Peri-operative anaesthetic management of neonates for surgical emergencies.

Surgery of neonates can be fraught with hazards unless the anaesthesiologist is conversant with the physiologic and pharmacologic responses under anaesthesia and surgery. The principles of anaesthetic management for surgery of critically ill neonates with common congenital malformations are briefly discussed in this article.