[Clinical and epidemiological indicators of stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the post-COVID period in the Moscow region].

Objective: To analyze the dynamics of clinical and epidemiological indicators of stroke and the features of providing specialized care to patients in the Moscow region in the period 2019-2023.

Material And Methods: Mortality rates, the average annual population, and the number of deaths in one-year age groups were analyzed based on the «Brief Nomenclature of Causes of Death» by ROSSTAT and the database of the Registry Office of the Moscow Region. Depersonalized data on deceased individuals aged 18 years and older were obtained from this database, including codes and names of diseases or conditions specified in Parts I and II of the medical death certificate, age, sex, and place of death for the period 2019-2023.

Causes of Death in Patients Asking for Polyclinic Care for Coronary Heart Disease.

Aim: Retrospective analysis of the underlying causes for death of patients who did and did not seek outpatient medical care (OPMC) for ischemic heart disease (IHD), and discussion of a possibility for using administrative anonymized but individualized databases for analysis.

Material And Methods: The electronic database of the Central Administration of the Civil Registry Office of the Moscow Region (Unified State Register of the Civil Registry Office of the Moscow Region), including medical death certificates (MDC) for 2021, was used to select all cases of fatal outcomes with the disease codes of the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) (codes of external causes, injuries, poisonings excluded) that were indicated as the primary cause of death (PCD). Personalized data of the deceased were combined with data from electronic medical records of patients who sought OPMC at institutions of the Moscow Region within up to 2 years before death.

[Diseases of the nervous system as the underlying cause of death].

Objective: To identify the leading causes of death in the adult population from the class of diseases of the nervous system (DNS, class G) according to medical death certificates (MDC) and to discuss the problems of their assessment.

Material And Methods: The source of information was the electronic database of the Main Department of the Civil Registry Office of the Moscow Region. All cases of class G deaths were selected (total 10.

[Causes of death in the Moscow region according to medical death certificates].

Objective: Determination of the leading causes of death based on data from primary medical death certificates (MDCs) depending on the place of death.

Material And Methods: From the electronic database of the Main Department of the Civil Registry Office of the Moscow Region (the USR registry office system) for 2021, all cases were selected in which diseases were indicated as the primary cause of death (PCD); all codes of external causes, injuries and poisonings were excluded. A total of 109.

Comparative Structure of Male Mortality From Cardiac Causes in Five-Year Age Groups.

Aim      To study the nosological structure of male mortality in 5-year age groups (15-85+) and the contribution of cardiac causes to all-cause mortality in 2020; to discuss the correctness of statistical recording of causes of cardiac death.Material and methods  Data source: Center for Demographic Research of the Russian School of Economy http://demogr.nes.

[Analysis of the dynamics of mortality from respiratory diseases in the Russian Federation for 2019-2020].

Aim: To study the dynamics and contribution of mortality from Diseases of the respiratory system (DRS) in 2019 and 2020 to mortality from all causes with and without deaths from COVID-19 in 82 regions of the Russian Federation.

Materials And Methods: The data provided by Rosstat for 2019 and 2020 on the average annual population and the number of deaths due to causes of DRS (class J00J99) were used the standardised death rate (SDR) were calculated, the regional average value, standard deviation and coefficient of variation.

Results: The average increase in the SDR from DRS in 2020 was 22.

[Cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment].

As life expectancy increases, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasingly associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. Cognitive impairment can be a complication of CVD, develop at the same time or earlier than CVD. Often, the preclinical period of neurodegenerative diseases accompanied by cognitive impairment lasts for decades and their relationship with CVD is not fully understood.

Mortality from arterial hypertension in the regions of the Russian Federation in the period from 2013 to 2019.

Aim      To analyze the dynamics of mortality from arterial hypertension (AH) between 2013 and 2019.Material and methods  Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the most common diseases. At the same time, there are no unified international criteria for establishing the primary cause of death from AH.

[The chronic cardiac insufficiency as a cause of death: the problems of statistical service and evaluation].

The purpose of the study is to analyze the application of I50.9 code as initial cause of death (PBC) in various subjects of the Russian Federation in 2013-2019. The Rosstat data (Annual forms C41 and C51) based on the "Brief Nomenclature of Causes of Death of Rosstat" (KNPSR) in 2013-2019.

[The asymptomatic microhematuria in the physician's practice].

The review article presents data on: a) definition of microhematuria and diagnosis; b) prevalence estimation and causes of the asymptomatic microscopic hematuria; c) diagnostic approaches for the first time identified of microhematuria; d) follow-up monitoring of patients with asymptomatic hematuria; e) feasibility of medical screening for microhematuria. The analysis includes recommendations of Russian and foreign urological associations, the results of cohort and observational studies, previous study reviews. The identification of 3 or more red blood cells during microscopic examination should be considered microhematuria.

[Ways to solve the problem of heart failure statistics in clinical practice].

For organization of health care, it is important to know the requirement for its individual types, including the number of hospitalizations and the use of expensive technologies. Heart failure (HF) syndrome in patients with cardiovascular diseases often determines their severity and prognosis. However, being a complication of underlying disease, HF is not included into statistical reports and medical bills in the compulsory health insurance system.

[comparative analysis of variability of mortality rates from various causes in the subjects of Russian Federation].

Unlabelled: Mortality rates have significant differences between regions of the Russian Federation. Standardized mortality rates (SMR) are influenced by many factors, including diagnosis criteria and causes of death.

Aim Of Study: Analysis of coefficient of variation of SMR from malignant neoplasms compared with other causes of death in the subjects of Russian Federation.

[The comparative analysis of coefficients of variation of standard regional indices of mortality and causes having and having not accurate criteria of diagnostics].

The standardized mortality coefficients for different causes have significant variability between regions and depend on many factors. The purpose of study was to investigate interregional variation coefficients of standardized mortality of oncologic diseases as compared with other causes having no explicit diagnosis criteria. The 49 death causes were selected out of 295 causes of the Short nomenclature of the Rosstat.

[Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Coronary Syndromes in Primary Health Care - the Issue of Acceptability for the Russian Federation].

In 2019, the European Society for Cardiology (ESC) published guidelines with a new term, "chronic coronary syndromes" (CCS). These guidelines presented 6 clinical scenarios, which are most common in outpatient practice. The diagnostic approach described in these guidelines shifts from the standardization to the rationality of individualized solutions on using various diagnostic methods.

[Opportunities and Problems of Analysis of Mortality from Myocardial Infarction According to Medical Certificates of Death (on the Example of the Tula Region)].

Aim: to analyze the quality of completion medical certificates of death (MCD) of residents of the Tula region, in which in 2017 acute and subsequent myocardial infarction (MI) was listed as the underlying cause of death (UCD) or as multiple causes of death (MC).

Materials And Methods: From the electronic database (DB) of MCD of residents of Tula region for 2017 we selected all MSD in which MI was written down irrespective of a section of MCD. A total of 689 MSD (43.

The prevalence of multimorbidity: discussion about the terminology, registration and its effect on patient's health care utilization.

The purpose of the present review is to bring into focus the issues regarding terminological and registration aspects of multimorbidity we come across in the modern literature. Key questions regarding the definitions for the most widely used terms «comorbidity», «polymorbidity» and «multimorbidity» are discussed. We also considered the aspects of their origin and distinctive features between the concepts.

[Trends in stroke mortality rates in Russia and the USA over a 15-year period].

Aim: to comparatively analyze standardized mortality ratios (SMR) from stroke in the populations aged over 30 years in the Russian Federation and in the USA over a 15-year period.

Material And Methods: The analysis included nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (NTSH) (a group of ICD-10 codes I60), nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (NTIH) (I61), cerebral infarction (CI) (I63), and stroke, not specified as hemorrhage or infarction (SNSHI) (I64). The new European standard (European Standard Population.

[Comparative analysis of mortality from acute forms of ischemic heart disease during a 15-year period in the Russian Federation and the United States and the factors influencing its formation].

Aim: To comparatively analyze the registered mortality rates from coronary heart disease (CHD) as a whole, as well as myocardial infarction (MI) and other acute forms of CHD during a 15-year period in the Russian Federation (RF, 2000-2014) and the United States of America (USA, 1999-2013).

Material And Methods: Primary data were obtained from the database of the RF State Statistics Service, the World Health Organization Mortality Database, Human Mortality Database, then converted into standardized mortality rates and are presented in three age groups (30+, 30-49, and 50+ years old) in men and women separately.

Results: The analysis revealed a substantial excess of the registered mortality rates from CHD in the RF versus in the USA, as well as a lower incidence of MI and a higher incidence of other acute CHD forms registered as the cause of death.

[Problems of Determination of Degree of Disability After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery].

The review contains data on rates of permanent loss of working ability (disability) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in Russia and in European populations of patients with ischemic heart disease. According to domestic studies determination of disability status is not based on assessment of objective characteristics of functional reserve of cardiovascular system. Most patients after surgery retain disability status.

[Assessment of the Possibility of Comparing Mortality Rates from Diseases of the Circulatory System in the United States and Russia].

Objective: to compare and discuss causes of differences between standardized mortality rates (SMR) from diseases of the circulatory system (DCS) among men and women older than 50 years in Russia and USA.

Material And Methods: Data on mortality rate in the USA were taken from WHO mortality database (WHO MD), those on the USA population by 5-years age bands from Human Mortality Database (HMD). Information on mortality rates in Russia was obtained from Rosstat.

[Nutrition in obesity: Target criteria and monitoring of weight loss].

The review paper gives in details the current clinical guidelines for evaluation of the impact of nutrition on the correction of increased body mass index (BMI) and obesity, an overview of the efficacy of specific commercial diets, target criteria for weight loss, and monitoring the status of a patient who participates in a weight loss program. The current clinical guidelines suggest that today there is no optimal diet in terms of its impact on the correction of overweight and further maintenance of the weight loss achieved. There is a need for both the improvement of the professional capacity of healthcare workers in advising patients about nutrition and the population's awareness about the principles of a healthy diet.

[Years of Life Lost Due to Premature Death and Their Relationship with Climate and Socio-Economic Performance of Regions].

Background: The "years of potential life lost" (YPLL) indicator is widely used in international studies. Still YPLL's variety in the Russian regions is poorly investigated.

Objective: Our aim was to study the performance of YPLL in the regions of Russia in 2013 and their relationship with the regional socio-economic indicators.

[Survival of Overweight Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. Does the "Obesity Paradox" Play a Role?].

Unlabelled: Although excessive body mass and obesity are considered risk factors of a number of diseases and conditions numerous results of studies evidence for the existence of the "obesity paradox"--higher long-term survival of overweight and obese patients. Aim of this study was to elucidate impact of body mass index (BMI) on postoperative mortality and long-term survival of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Material And Methods: The study was conducted on the basis of register of patients with ischemic heart disease who had undergone CABG with or without correction of valvular defects and/or resection of left ventricular (LV) aneurism during the period from 2000 to 2009 in the Chelyabinsk Interregional Cardiosurgical Center.