New Modes of Practice: A Framework Analysis of School Nurses' Accounts of Working With Children and Young People During COVID-19.

Aims: To identify new and accelerated modes of practice used by school nurses during the COVID pandemic. To create a quick reference infographic bringing together experiential evidence on the range and considerations regarding different modes of practice for use by the school nursing community of practice.

Design: A descriptive qualitative secondary data analysis of open-ended questions in a survey, and focus groups with school nurses.

Exploring staff experiences and perceptions of patient-perpetrated violence in hospital settings: A qualitative study.

Aims: To explore hospital staff experiences and perceptions of patient-perpetrated violence.

Design: Descriptive qualitative study.

Methods: Twelve semi-structured interviews (June-August 2022) were held with a diverse sample of hospital nurses, doctors, allied health professionals, security and a non-clinical manager.

School Nurse Perspectives of Working with Children and Young People in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Online Survey Study.

School nurses are public health specialists with an integral role in the safeguarding of children and young people. This study gathered information about school nurses' approaches to overcome practice restrictions as a result of COVID-19. A cross-sectional survey was administered to school nurses across the United Kingdom.

A Systematic Review of Violence Risk Assessment Tools Currently Used in Emergency Care Settings.

Introduction: Violence risk assessment is commonplace in mental health settings and is gradually being used in emergency care. The aim of this review was to explore the efficacy of undertaking violence risk assessment in reducing patient violence and to identify which tool(s), if any, are best placed to do so.

Methods: CINAHL, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science database searches were supplemented with a search of Google Scholar.

School nursing: New ways of working with children and young people during the Covid-19 pandemic: A scoping review.

Aim: To examine how school nurse practice evolved as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Design: A scoping review of international literature, conducted and reported in line with Arksey and O'Malley's (2005) framework.

Data Sources: Searches were conducted in September 2021.

Squarephaneic Tetraanhydride: A Conjugated Square-Shaped Cyclophane for the Synthesis of Porous Organic Materials.

Aromatic carboxylic anhydrides are ubiquitous building blocks in organic materials chemistry and have received considerable attention in the synthesis of organic semiconductors, pigments, and battery electrode materials. Here we extend the family of aromatic carboxylic anhydrides with a unique new member, a conjugated cyclophane with four anhydride groups. The cyclophane is obtained in a three-step synthesis and can be functionalised efficiently, as shown by the conversion into tetraimides and an octacarboxylate.

Squarephaneic Tetraanhydride: A Conjugated Square-Shaped Cyclophane for the Synthesis of Porous Organic Materials.

Aromatic carboxylic anhydrides are ubiquitous building blocks in organic materials chemistry and have received considerable attention in the synthesis of organic semiconductors, pigments, and battery electrode materials. Here we extend the family of aromatic carboxylic anhydrides with a unique new member, a conjugated cyclophane with four anhydride groups. The cyclophane is obtained in a three-step synthesis and can be functionalised efficiently, as shown by the conversion into tetraimides and an octacarboxylate.

Neutrophils Fuel Effective Immune Responses through Gluconeogenesis and Glycogenesis.

Neutrophils can function and survive in injured and infected tissues, where oxygen and metabolic substrates are limited. Using radioactive flux assays and LC-MS tracing with U-C glucose, glutamine, and pyruvate, we observe that neutrophils require the generation of intracellular glycogen stores by gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis for effective survival and bacterial killing. These metabolic adaptations are dynamic, with net increases in glycogen stores observed following LPS challenge or altitude-induced hypoxia.

The state of mixed methods research in nursing: A focused mapping review and synthesis.

Aims: To consider the scope and quality of mixed methods research in nursing.

Design: Focused mapping review and synthesis (FMRS).

Data Sources: Five purposively selected journals: International Journal of Nursing Studies, Journal of Nursing Scholarship, Journal of Advanced Nursing, Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, and Journal of Mixed Methods Research.

Inhibition of ErbB kinase signalling promotes resolution of neutrophilic inflammation.

Neutrophilic inflammation with prolonged neutrophil survival is common to many inflammatory conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are few specific therapies that reverse neutrophilic inflammation, but uncovering mechanisms regulating neutrophil survival is likely to identify novel therapeutic targets. Screening of 367 kinase inhibitors in human neutrophils and a zebrafish tail fin injury model identified ErbBs as common targets of compounds that accelerated inflammation resolution.

A qualitative exploration of 'thrivership' among women who have experienced domestic violence and abuse: Development of a new model.

Background: Domestic violence and abuse (DVA) is a serious public health issue, threatening the health of individuals the world over. Whilst DVA can be experienced by both men and women, the majority is still experienced by women; around 30% of women worldwide who have been in a relationship report that they have experienced violence at the hands of their partner, and every week in England and Wales two women are killed by their current or ex-partner. The purpose of this study was to explore the concept of thrivership with women who have experienced DVA, to contribute to our understandings of what constitutes 'thriving' post-abuse, and how women affected can move from surviving to thriving.

Which Violence Against Women Educational Strategies Are Effective for Prequalifying Health-Care Students?: A Systematic Review.

Gender-based violence (GBV) is a global public health issue which disproportionately affects women. Health-care providers have an important role in recognizing and addressing GBV in practice, yet research suggests that the issue remains underrecognized, with many qualified professionals reporting lack of confidence and a sense of unpreparedness. Prequalifying GBV educational strategies are inconsistent in both quantity and quality worldwide, and to date, there has been no comprehensive review of those programs' effectiveness.

Prolyl hydroxylase 2 inactivation enhances glycogen storage and promotes excessive neutrophilic responses.

Fully activated innate immune cells are required for effective responses to infection, but their prompt deactivation and removal are essential for limiting tissue damage. Here, we have identified a critical role for the prolyl hydroxylase enzyme Phd2 in maintaining the balance between appropriate, predominantly neutrophil-mediated pathogen clearance and resolution of the innate immune response. We demonstrate that myeloid-specific loss of Phd2 resulted in an exaggerated inflammatory response to Streptococcus pneumonia, with increases in neutrophil motility, functional capacity, and survival.

CaMKII is essential for the proasthmatic effects of oxidation.

Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to asthma, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms connecting increased ROS with characteristic features of asthma. We show that enhanced oxidative activation of the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (ox-CaMKII) in bronchial epithelium positively correlates with asthma severity and that epithelial ox-CaMKII increases in response to inhaled allergens in patients. We used mouse models of allergic airway disease induced by ovalbumin (OVA) or Aspergillus fumigatus (Asp) and found that bronchial epithelial ox-CaMKII was required to increase a ROS- and picrotoxin-sensitive Cl(-) current (ICl) and MUC5AC expression, upstream events in asthma progression.

Central venous catheter-related blood stream infections in patients receiving intravenous iloprost for pulmonary hypertension.

Catheter-related blood stream infection (CR-BSI) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) receiving intravenous iloprost via an indwelling central line has previously not been fully described. Recent studies have suggested a link between the pH of prostanoid infusions and the rate and nature of CR-BSI. We have investigated CR-BSI in patients receiving intravenous iloprost at our unit.

Transforming growth factor-beta promotes rhinovirus replication in bronchial epithelial cells by suppressing the innate immune response.

Rhinovirus (RV) infection is a major cause of asthma exacerbations which may be due to a deficient innate immune response in the bronchial epithelium. We hypothesized that the pleiotropic cytokine, TGF-β, influences interferon (IFN) production by primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs) following RV infection. Exogenous TGF-β(2) increased RV replication and decreased IFN protein secretion in response to RV or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA).

Resistin-like molecule-β is induced following bronchoconstriction of asthmatic airways.

Background And Objective: Resistin-like molecule-β (RELM-β) is a necessary and sufficient stimulus for airway remodelling in animal models of asthma, but until recently, its role in human disease had not been investigated. The hypothesis that RELM-β expression would increase with increasing asthma severity and further increase following acute bronchoconstrictor challenges has been examined.

Methods: Bronchial biopsies from healthy subjects and patients with mild and severe asthma were immunostained for RELM-β, as were airway biopsies obtained in mild asthmatics before and 4 days after repeated inhalation challenges with either allergen, methacholine or methacholine preceded by salbutamol as a control.

A palmar approach for insertion of a free, nonvascularized phalangeal transfer.

Free nonvascularized phalangeal transfer from a toe to congenitally hypoplastic digits, is an established procedure in the repertoire of digit reconstruction. The hypoplastic digit is frequently flexed, due to shortage of palmar soft tissues. The phalanx must be transferred intact, with a complete periosteal covering.

A modification of the collar-and-cuff sling to elevate the hand.

Elevation of the hand is routinely sought after surgery and with pathology such as inflammation and infection. Many models of sling have been described. The collar-and-cuff model is a traditional low-cost method that is easily learned and applied, is versatile, and customized to each patient.

Preliminary study of the cellular characteristics of primary bronchial fibroblasts in patients with asthma: expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin containing extra type III domain A, and smoothelin.

Background: The relationship between fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells within the airway wall remains poorly understood.

Objective: The cellular characteristics of primary bronchial fibroblasts from patients with asthma were investigated by evaluating the expression of 3 proteins: alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), fibronectin containing extra type III domain A (EDAcFN), and smoothelin.

Methods: Expression of SMA, EDAcFN, and smoothelin was evaluated in primary fibroblasts from 3 patients with asthma of varying symptom severity, embryonic fibroblasts, and a healthy control.

A modification of the Souquet advancement flap in fingertip reconstruction.

The Hueston local transposition flap and Souquet advancement flap are two commonly employed options in fingertip reconstruction after amputation. Both are rectangular flaps rotated so that the free edge advances to cover the defect in the fingertip. They differ in that the Hueston flap does not include the neurovascular bundle in the free edge, while the Souquet flap does include the bundle.

Defective epithelial barrier function in asthma.

Background: Asthma is a complex disease involving gene and environment interactions. Although atopy is a strong predisposing risk factor for asthma, local tissue susceptibilities are required for disease expression. The bronchial epithelium forms the interface with the external environment and is pivotally involved in controlling tissue homeostasis through provision of a physical barrier controlled by tight junction (TJ) complexes.