Relationship of Time to First Therapy and Survival Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Versus Upfront Surgery Approach in Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Evidence demonstrating overall survival benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by surgical resection over upfront surgical resection for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been mixed. The time to first therapy (TTFT) variable has not been studied as a contributing factor.

Methods: A nationwide retrospective analysis using the National Cancer Database to evaluate patients with clinical stage T1 and T2 PDACs from 2010 to 2020.

Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Screenable versus Non-Screenable Gastrointestinal Cancers.

Background: Medicaid expansion afforded increased healthcare access to low-income Americans contributing to a positive impact on cancer outcomes. However, it is unclear if these benefits were mainly due to enhanced access to cancer screening and earlier diagnosis versus access to cancer treatment METHODS: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried between 2010-2021 for Medicaid and uninsured patients with GI malignancies. Patients were stratified by screenable (SGI) and non-screenable (NGI) cancers and expansion state (ES) categories: early (EES) and late (LES) adopters, and non-expansion state (NES) cohorts.

Liquid Zener diodes.

The Zener diode (Z-diode) is often used as a voltage regulator, and is designed to operate in reverse breakdown. Namely, it can conduct current in the reverse direction when a certain voltage, known as the Zener voltage, is applied. Analogous to electric diodes, liquid diodes are microscale surface structures that promote spontaneous unidirectional liquid flow.

Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intakes and Kidney Stone Prevalence: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018.

The associations between dietary sodium intake (DSI), dietary potassium intake (DPI), and kidney stone disease (KSD) are not clear. We examined The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018 to determine the independent associations between daily DSI, DPI, DSI/DPI, and KSD prevalence. In total, 19,405 participants were included for analysis, of which 1,895 had KSD.

Percolation in Networks of Liquid Diodes.

Liquid diodes are surface structures that facilitate the spontaneous flow of liquids in a specific direction. In nature, they are used to increase water collection and uptake, reproduction, and feeding. However, large networks with directional properties are exceptional and are typically limited up to a few centimeters.

Brain Injury and Substance Use in Young Adults: The Need for Integrating Care.

Objectives: This study examined sociodemographic disparities in traumatic brain injury (TBI), and the association between TBI and substance misuse among young adults in Rhode Island.

Methods: Among this sample of N=1,022 from the 2022 Rhode Island Young Adult Survey, multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine both study objectives.

Results: Black, Asian, and Hispanic young adults had 77% (95%CI: 26%, 93%), 79% (95%CI: 32%, 94%), and 58% (95%CI: 31%, 75%) lower odds of brain injury, respectively, compared to White, non-Hispanic young adults.

Exposure to Alcohol Marketing and Alcohol-Related Consequences in Young Adults.

Exposure to alcohol marketing is positively associated with alcohol consumption. However, few research studies have tested alcohol marketing's effect on other alcohol-related outcomes. Consequently, the current study sought to identify associations between exposure to alcohol marketing and alcohol-related consequences in young adults.

Correlates of gambling and gambling problems among Rhode Island young adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Numerous states in the USA have legalized sports betting due to recent legal decisions by the US Supreme Court. Here, sociodemographic correlates of current gambling and specific gambling activities associated with symptoms of gambling problems were identified.

Methods: Cross-sectional data were obtained from the 2020 Rhode Island Young Adult Survey (RIYAS).

Breaking Down Barriers: Young Adult Interest and Use of Telehealth for Behavioral Health Services.

Objectives: Use of telehealth for behavioral health services has increased since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines which young adults in Rhode Island were using these telehealth services and are interested in its use.

Methods: This cross-sectional web-based survey was administered in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, from May to October 2020.

Automated Manipulation of Miniature Objects Underwater Using Air Capillary Bridges: Pick-and-Place, Surface Cleaning, and Underwater Origami.

Various insects can entrap and stabilize air plastrons and bubbles underwater. When these bubbles interact with surfaces underwater, they create air capillary bridges that de-wet surfaces and even allow underwater reversible adhesion. In this study, a robotic arm with interchangeable three-dimensional (3D)-printed bubble-stabilizing units is used to create air capillary bridges underwater for manipulation of small objects.

Technology-based nutrition interventions using the Mediterranean diet: a systematic review.

Context: Over the past 2 decades, overweight and obesity rates have increased exponentially, along with related comorbidities including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers. The Mediterranean Diet (MDiet) has been suggested as a potential way to mitigate the health burdens related to overweight and obesity.

Objective: For this review, the literature on MDiet-focused digital interventions was examined to determine efficacy, best practices, and potential limitations.

Depressive and anxiety symptoms in first generation college students.

Depression and anxiety contribute to the burden of disease among college students. The current study determined if depressive and anxiety symptoms were more prevalent in first generation students and if social and emotional support moderated this relationship. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured in 432 U.

Outcomes of Renal Transplant Recipients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Eye of the Storm: A Comparative Study With Waitlisted Patients.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 and those on immunosuppression are particularly vulnerable and are shielded as per public health strategy. We present our experience of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transplant patients in one of the most affected parts of the UK with direct comparison to waitlisted patients.

Methods: A single-center prospective study of symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive waitlisted and transplant patients was undertaken to compare these groups and assess clinical outcomes.

Exposure to Digital Alcohol Marketing and Alcohol Use: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Alcohol marketing has proliferated on digital media, such as websites, social media, and apps. A systematic review was conducted to examine studies of associations between exposure to digital alcohol marketing and alcohol consumption.

Method: Eight electronic databases were searched for "alcohol" and "marketing" through 14 February 2017.

Assessing the Effect of Recent Incarceration in Prison on HIV Care Retention and Viral Suppression in Two States.

The prevalence of HIV among people in correctional facilities remains much higher than that of the general population. Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness and acceptability of HIV treatment for individuals incarcerated in US prisons and jails. However, the period following incarceration is characterized by significant disruptions in HIV care.

Use of viral load surveillance data to assess linkage to care for persons with HIV released from corrections.

Incarcerated people remain a priority group in efforts to control and reverse the HIV epidemic. Following release, social instability and reengagement in key transmission risk behaviors increase the risk of secondary transmission of HIV. Targeted programs have been developed to facilitate reengagement in care on reentry.

Systematic Assessment of Linkage to Care for Persons with HIV Released from Corrections Facilities Using Existing Datasets.

Populations in corrections continue to have high prevalence of HIV. Expanded testing and treatment programs allow persons to be identified and stabilized on treatment while incarcerated. However, these gains and frequently lost on reentry.

Patient kidney disease knowledge remains inadequate with standard nephrology outpatient care.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) knowledge among patients newly referred to a nephrology clinic is limited. This study aimed to determine if CKD knowledge 1 year after initial consultation in a nephrology clinic improves with standard care.

Methods: Patients newly referred to a nephrology outpatient clinic received standard care from nephrologists, and had access to educational pamphlets, relevant internet sites and patient support groups.

Error adjustments for file linking methods using encrypted unique client identifier (eUCI) with application to recently released prisoners who are HIV+.

Incarceration provides an opportunity to test for HIV, provide treatment such as highly active anti-retroviral therapy, as well as link infected persons to comprehensive HIV care upon their release. A key factor in assessing the success of a program that links released individuals to care is the time from release to receiving care in the community (linkage time). To estimate the linkage time, records from correction systems are linked to Ryan White Clinic data using encrypted Unique Client Identifier (eUCI).