The Effect of Voluntary Physical Activity in an Enriched Environment and Combined Exercise Training on the Satellite Cell Pool in Developing Rats.

Postnatal skeletal muscle growth is strongly associated with a satellite cell pool. Early adolescence might be a crucial period when different exercise training interventions have specific consequence on satellite cells. Pax7 and MyoD have been suggested as the leading indicators of satellite cell activation.

Slow and Powerless Thought Dynamic Relates to Brooding in Unipolar and Bipolar Depression.

Introduction: Depression can be characterized by rumination that is featured by spontaneity and perseveration of internally oriented thoughts. At the same time, depressed subjects complain about abnormal slowness and lack of power/energy in their thoughts, suggesting abnormal "thought dynamics." The relationship between rumination and thought dynamics in depression remains unclear, though.

The role of pre-pubertal training history on hippocampal neurotrophic factors and glucocorticoid receptor protein levels in adult male rats.

Neurotrophic factors play an integral role in hippocampal plasticity, and interaction with HPA axis components, especially glucocorticoid receptors (GR), can mediate the structural and functional changes. In the present work, we investigated the long-term effects of combined exercise training (CET) and voluntary physical activity in an enriched environment (EE) in the pre-pubertal period on hippocampal neurotrophic factors and GR. For this purpose, a longitudinal study was designed.

The downstream effects of forced exercise training and voluntary physical activity in an enriched environment on hippocampal plasticity in preadolescent rats.

During critical periods of brain development, exercise-induced physical fitness may greatly impact the brain structure and function. Nevertheless, forced and intensive physical activities may display negative effects, particularly in the pre-pubertal period. Preadolescent rats were exposed to an enriched environment and combined exercise training for three consecutive weeks in the present study.