Multimodality radiomics prediction of radiotherapy-induced the early proctitis and cystitis in rectal cancer patients: a machine learning study.

This study aims to predict radiotherapy-induced rectal and bladder toxicity using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics features in combination with clinical and dosimetric features in rectal cancer patients.A total of sixty-three patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) were included in this study. Radiomics features were extracted from the rectum and bladder walls in pretreatment CT and MR-T2W-weighted images.

Introducing radiomics model to predict active plaque in multiple sclerosis patients using magnetic resonance images.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common non-traumatic disabling disease in young people. The prediction active plaque has the potential to offer new biomarkers for assessing the activity of MS disease. Consequently it supports patient management in the clinical setting and trials.

Endorectal ultrasound radiomics in locally advanced rectal cancer patients: despeckling and radiotherapy response prediction using machine learning.

Purpose: The current study aimed to evaluate the association of endorectal ultrasound (EUS) radiomics features at different denoising filters based on machine learning algorithms and to predict radiotherapy response in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients.

Methods: The EUS images of forty-three LARC patients, as a predictive biomarker for predicting the treatment response of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT), were investigated. For despeckling, the EUS images were preprocessed by traditional filters (bilateral, wiener, lee, frost, median, and wavelet filters).

A Monte Carlo study on the performance evaluation of a parallel hole collimator for a HiReSPECT: A dedicated small-animal SPECT.

Collimator geometry has an important contribution on the image quality in SPECT imaging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of parallel hole collimator hole-size on the functional parameters (including the spatial resolution and sensitivity) and the image quality of a HiReSPECT imaging system using SIMIND Monte Carlo program. To find a proper trade-off between the sensitivity and spatial resolution, the collimator with hole diameter ranges of 0.

Cadmium Telluride Semiconductor Detector for Improved Spatial and Energy Resolution Radioisotopic Imaging.

The detector in single-photon emission computed tomography has played a key role in the quality of the images. Over the past few decades, developments in semiconductor detector technology provided an appropriate substitution for scintillation detectors in terms of high sensitivity, better energy resolution, and also high spatial resolution. One of the considered detectors is cadmium telluride (CdTe).