Various Morphologies of Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-CN) and Their Effect on the Thermomechanical Properties of Thermoset Epoxy Resin Composites.

This research aims to highlight the importance of diverse forms of graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) as strengthening elements in epoxy composites. It explores the influence of three different forms of g-CN and their concentrations on the mechanical properties of the epoxy composites. Various characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were utilized to comprehend the effects of g-CN morphology and particle size on the physical and chemical characteristics of epoxy resin.

Self-Healability of Poly(Ethylene-co-Methacrylic Acid): Effect of Ionic Content and Neutralization.

Self-healing polymers such as poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) ionomers (PEMAA) can heal themselves immediately after a projectile puncture which in turn lowers environmental pollution from replacement. In this study, the thermal-mechanical properties and self-healing response of a library of 15 PEMAA copolymers were studied to understand the effects of the ionic content (Li, Na, Zn, Mg) and neutralization percentage (13 to 78%) on the results. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and tensile testing were used to study the thermo-mechanical properties of PEMAA copolymers while the self-healing response was studied using the projectile test.

An Overview of Self-Healable Polymers and Recent Advances in the Field.

The search for materials with better performance, longer service life, lower environmental impact, and lower overall cost is at the forefront of polymer science and material engineering. This has led to the development of self-healing polymers with a range of healing mechanisms including capsular-based, vascular, and intrinsic self-healing polymers. The development of self-healable systems has been inspired by the healing of biological systems such as skin wound healing and broken bone reconstruction.

Optimizing the placement of piezoelectric wafers on closed sections using a genetic algorithm - Towards application in structural health monitoring.

Sensor network design is essential to efficiently integrate Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems in aerospace, automotive, and civil structures. This study describes an optimization model for piezoelectric (PZT) wafer placement on curved structures and closed sections. The proposed approach relied on the transformation of any complex/closed surface regardless of the shape of its cross-section into a flat plate and imposed a set of boundary conditions to account for the wave propagation characteristics.

Effect of force direction and tooth angulation during traction of palatally impacted canines: A finite element analysis.

Introduction: Treatment of a palatally impacted canine (PIC) is associated with demanding anchorage control, increased treatment duration, and undesirable side effects. Accurate PIC localization and force application impact treatment success. The objective of this research was to determine the stresses on the PIC when subjected to initial force activation in various directions (buccal, vertical, and distal) and relative to impaction severity.

Design optimization of transducer arrays for uniform distribution of guided wave energy in arbitrarily shaped domains.

The use of an array of transducers to excite guided Lamb waves, within a plate or any complex structure, usually leads to a variation in the energy on the propagation direction. In this study, an optimization model is proposed to design an array of transducers to provide uniform energy distribution in a domain of an arbitrary shape. The model is based on finding the optimal placements of the transducers and the optimal time delay for excitation by using a genetic algorithm.

Two distalization methods compared in a novel patient-specific finite element analysis.

Introduction: Orthodontic mini-implants aid in the correction of distocclusions via direct anchorage (pull from mini-implant to teeth) and indirect anchorage (teeth pulled against other teeth anchored by the mini-implant). The aim of this study was to compare stress levels on the periodontal ligament (PDL) of maxillary buccal teeth in direct and indirect distalization against orthodontic mini-implants and accounting for individual variation in maxillary anatomy and biomechanical characteristics of the compact bone.

Methods: A 3D model of the maxilla containing the different components (teeth, PDL, trabecular and cortical bones) was generated from a computed tomographic scan.

Finite element analysis of stresses on adjacent teeth during the traction of palatally impacted canines.

Objective: To evaluate stresses on maxillary teeth during alignment of a palatally impacted canine (PIC) under different loading conditions with forces applied in vertical and buccal directions.

Materials And Methods: A three-dimensional finite element model of the maxilla was developed from a cone beam computed tomographic scan of a patient with a left PIC. Traction was simulated under different setups: (1) palatal spring extending from a transpalatal bar (TPB) anchored on the first molars (M1) and alternatively combined with different archwires (0.