Biportal Endoscopic TransOrbital and transMaxillary Approach to the Cranio-Orbital Region and Middle Cranial Fossa: A Preliminary Analysis of Maneuverability.

Background And Objectives: Traditional and well-established transcranial approaches to the spheno-orbital region and middle cranial fossa guarantee optimal intracranial exposure, and additional orbital and zygomatic osteotomies provide further control over extracranial components to be resected; however, these techniques come at the cost of additional morbidity. The introduction of minimally invasive endoscopic approaches and the conceptualization of the so-called "multiportal" paradigm might provide an alternative route. This preliminary study investigates the feasibility of the combined Biportal Endoscopic TransOrbital and transMaxillary Approach (bETOMA) approach to the spheno-orbital and middle cranial fossa regions.

A Review of miRNAs as Biomarkers and Effect of Dietary Modulation in Obesity Associated Cognitive Decline and Neurodegenerative Disorders.

There has been a progressive increase in the prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Recent studies have suggested that the crosstalk between adipose tissue and central nervous system (CNS), through cellular mediators and signaling pathways, may causally link obesity with cognitive decline and give rise to neurodegenerative disorders. Several mechanisms have been proposed in obesity, including inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, altered lipid and cholesterol homeostasis, which may result in neuroinflammation, altered brain insulin signaling, amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and neuronal cell death.