Is Obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated with Higher Covid-19 Severity?

 To investigate the associations between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity.  Twelve individuals hospitalized in a Brazilian tertiary hospital diagnosed with COVID-19 by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) underwent respiratory polygraphy.  Polygraphic records identified seven participants without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (OSA-) and five with OSA (OSA + ).

Persistent psychosis associated with extreme delta brush in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a case report.

Background: Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is an emerging differential diagnosis of first episode and persistent psychosis in the psychiatric community, as clinical manifestations include psychiatric symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, decreased consciousness, and dyskinesias. This disease is associated with extreme delta brush (EDB), but the significance and temporal course of this EEG pattern still needs to be determined. Herein, we report a case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis with persistent psychosis associated with EDB occurrence on multiple occasions during a 5-year disease course.

Parinaud syndrome due to cofirmed neurotuberculosis in a lupus eritematosis systemic patient.

Introduction: This article aims to describe a patient with Parinaud syndrome due to neurotuberculosis confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid analysis.

Case Report: Initially, patient sought medical care, performed a chest x-ray and later a chest CT scan, with a probable diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis. In addition, she presented binocular diplopia worse at right lateral gaze, paresis of vertical gaze, light near-dissociation and convergent retraction nystagmus and presence of mycobacterium tuberculosis on PCR Xpert MTB/RIF.

Electrical status epilepticus during sleep in patients with congenital Zika virus syndrome: An unprecedented clinical finding.

Background: Brazil experienced a disproportionately higher rate of microcephaly cases in November 2015 with evidence of a causal link with Zika virus (ZIKV) infections during pregnancy. Epilepsy is a major neurological feature seen as part of congenital Zika virus syndrome (CZVS). Different seizure types and electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities have been described in association with this syndrome.

Sensorimotor white matter projections and disease severity in primary Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease: a multimodal DTI analysis.

Background: Restless Legs Syndrome, a potentially disabling sleep disorder, also known as Willis-Ekbom disease (RLS/WED), may be caused by loss of inhibitory modulation of descending central motor pathways, structural changes in the somatosensory cortex, abnormal connectivity between motor and sensory areas, as well as by subtle abnormalities in white matter micro-organization.

Objective: To compare diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) metrics in areas associated with sensory or motor function, as well as sensorimotor integration, between subjects with primary mild-to-severe RLS/WED and controls.

Methods: DTI metrics were assessed in 38 subjects with RLS/WED (14 mild to moderate, 24 severe to very severe) and 24 healthy age-matched controls with whole-brain Tract Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS), Region-of-interest (ROI) and probabilistic tractography based analyses.

Short-interval intracortical inhibition is decreased in restless legs syndrome across a range of severity.

Background: Decreased short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex was described in subjects with restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease (RLS/WED). It remained to be determined whether the magnitude of SICI decrease would be similar across levels of RLS/WED severity. Moreover, it was unknown whether, in addition to decreases in SICI, changes in cortical thickness or area could be detected in subjects with RLS/WED compared to controls.

The duration of the cortical silent period is not abnormal in Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease.

Objective: To compare the duration of the cortical silent period (CSP) measured in a hand muscle in subjects with primary Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS/WED) and controls, using four different methods of analysis.

Methods: The CSP to transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dominant motor cortex was assessed in the abductor digiti minimi of 33 subjects with RLS/WED and 24 controls. CSP duration was measured by an automated and three visually-guided methods.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation for evaluation of motor cortical excitability in restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease.

There is no consensus about mechanisms underlying restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease (WED). Cortical excitability may be abnormal in RLS. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can provide insight about cortical excitability.

Lifestyle regularity measured by the social rhythm metric in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic progressive motor disorder that may present with a spectrum of symptoms and disease severity. Therapy is frequently associated with motor fluctuations and dyskinesias; therefore, monitoring of motor fluctuations and daily abilities is important for adequate management. The Social Rhythm Metric (SRM) is a diary-like questionnaire that quantifies the extent to which a person's life is regular vs.