Survival and health economic outcomes in heart failure diagnosed at hospital admission versus community settings: a propensity-matched analysis.

Background And Aims: Most patients with heart failure (HF) are diagnosed following a hospital admission. The clinical and health economic impacts of index HF diagnosis made on admission to hospital versus community settings are not known.

Methods: We used the North West London Discover database to examine 34 208 patients receiving an index diagnosis of HF between January 2015 and December 2020.

Downregulation of CCR5 on activated CD4 T cells in HIV-infected Indians.

Background: HIV infection in India is unique as it occurs predominantly by CCR5-utilizing isolates that exhibit no co-receptor switch.

Objectives: To study HIV-1 co-receptor dynamics on T cells and monocytes following viral infection.

Study Design: HIV co-receptor expression was evaluated by flow cytometry on various cell subsets in HIV-infected Indians and in vitro in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with CCR5- or CXCR4-utilizing HIV-1.