Heteroatom cobalt-based metal-organic framework and reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for dispersive solid phase extraction of caffeine from exhaled breath condensate samples of premature infants prior to HPLC-PDA.

A cobalt-based metal-organic framework and graphene oxide were combined to prepare a new nanocomposite for extracting of caffeine from exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples. Dispersive micro solid phase extraction of caffeine was conducted using the nanocomposite as a sorbent by adding 10 mg of it to the sample solution and vortexing for 3 min. After extracting of the analyte, it was eluted using the mobile phase.

Digital image colorimetry for determination of ethanol in exhaled breath condensate.

This study aimed to develop a colorimetric approach for quantifying ethanol using smartphone image analysis. This research presents a straightforward smartphone-based colorimetric sensor that efficiently measures ethanol levels in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples. The process involved changing the acidic dichromate color in an ethanolic solution, followed by image analysis.