Continuous diagnostic models for volume deficit in patients with acute diarrhea.

Background: Episodes of acute diarrhea lead to dehydration, and existing care algorithms base treatment around categorical estimates for fluid resuscitation. This study aims to develop models for the percentage dehydration (fluid deficit) in individuals with acute diarrhea, to better target treatment and avoid the potential sequelae of over or under resuscitation.

Methods: This study utilizes data from two prospective cohort studies of patients with acute diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Chronic pain treatment preferences change following participation in N-of-1 trials, but not always in the expected direction.

Objective: To examine pain treatment preferences before and after participation in an N-of-1 trial.

Study Design And Setting: In this observational study nested within a randomized trial, we examined chronic pain patients' preferences before and after treatment in relation to N-of-1 trial results; assessed the influence of different schemes for defining comparative "superiority" on potential conclusions; and generated classification trees illustrating the relationship between pre-treatment preferences, N-of-1 trial results, and post-treatment preferences.

Results: Treatment preferences differed pre- and post-trial for 40% of participants.

Multidrug-resistant enteric pathogens in older children and adults with diarrhea in Bangladesh: epidemiology and risk factors.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat and is increasingly prevalent among enteric pathogens in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, the burden of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in older children, adults, and elderly patients with acute diarrhea in LMICs is poorly understood. This study's aim was to characterize the prevalence of MDR enteric pathogens isolated from patients with acute diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and assess a wide range of risk factors associated with MDR.