Intermediate-Term Outcomes of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation for Uveitic Glaucoma: A Tertiary Centre Experience.

Purpose: To present the outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in uveitic glaucoma (UG) in a tertiary eye center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A retrospective review of all UG patients who underwent AGV implantation at a single, tertiary care eye center from January 2008 to December 2018. The main outcome measures were change in mean intraocular pressure (IOP), number of antiglaucoma medications, overall success rate in different follow-up periods, complete and qualified success from last follow up, and complications.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards glaucoma among new glaucoma patients and their first-degree relatives: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary eye care centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: Glaucoma, a disease characterized by optic nerve damage and associated visual field defects, is the main cause of irreversible loss of vision, both globally and locally. Appropriate management of glaucoma involves early diagnosis in addition to early and continuous control of the disease to protect the optic nerve from further damage. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards glaucoma among patients making their first visit to the glaucoma clinics, at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital in Riyadh, and their first-degree relatives.

Evaluation of Surgical Requirements and Competencies of the Saudi Ophthalmology Training Program in a Tertiary Eye Specialist Hospital- A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the adequacy of a Saudi ophthalmology training programs in achieving the competencies outlined by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS) and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and to assess resident satisfaction with their training.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was sent electronically to all trainees (n=50) enrolled in the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH) ophthalmology training program by email and messaging app (Whatsapp). The survey was sent between January 20, 2021, and January 30, 2021.

Comparison of Glaucoma Therapy Escalation After Penetrating Keratoplasty to Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty for the Treatment of Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy: A Cohort Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare glaucoma therapy escalation (GTE), graft survival, vision, and glaucoma following penetrating keratoplasty (PK group) and Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK group) to treat pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK).

Methods: This cohort included cases of PBK managed with PK from 2009 to 2014. We compared the incidences and determinants of GTE, graft survival, and visual disability.

Comparison of the Ahmed and Baerveldt Glaucoma Drainage Implants in the Treatment of Primary Congenital Glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of the Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) (New World Medical, Inc) with the Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI) (Johnson & Johnson Vision) in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).

Methods: This was a retrospective review of children with PCG who underwent AGV or BGI implantation with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Main outcome measures were intraocular pressure (IOP), the number of glaucoma medications, success rate, complications, and surgical revisions.

Perception of Medical Professionalism Among Ophthalmology Residents in Saudi Arabia: A National Survey Study.

Purpose: Studies have shown that there are significant differences in the concepts of medical professionalism among residents. Very few studies have specifically evaluated the perception of medical professionalism in a specific specialty. The aim of the study is to evaluate the perception of medical professionalism among ophthalmology residents and to assess the differences in the concept of professionalism between junior and senior residents.

Risk Factors for Glaucoma Drainage Device Exposure in Children: A Case-Control Study.

Purpose: To identify the risk factors for glaucoma drainage device (GDD) exposure in children.

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Methods: The study population comprised children (one eye each) who presented with a history of GDD exposure to a tertiary care eye hospital over the period January 2014 to January 2020.

Barriers and adherence to glaucoma medication in a paediatric glaucoma population: A cross-sectional survey in central Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To examine barriers and adherence to topical glaucoma medication in a pediatric glaucoma population in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during 2016-2017. Parents (father or mother) of children aged 6 months to 15 years with a history of glaucoma were interviewed.

Ophthalmologists perceived usefulness of Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) for evaluating the mental health of patients with chronic eye diseases.

Purpose: To evaluate the awareness of ophthalmologists about assessing the mental health of patients and usefulness of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) survey.

Methods: This web-based survey was performed in 2020 at an eye hospital in Saudi Arabia. Participants included ophthalmologists and physicians.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma in Patients With Acanthamoeba Keratitis.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of ocular hypertension (OHT) and glaucoma in patients with acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and to outline the risk factors for the development of glaucoma.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients diagnosed with AK at our institute during the period from 2000 to 2018. The main outcome measures were the incidence of OHT and glaucoma, and risk factors for the development of glaucoma.

Residents' Perceived Impact of COVID-19 on Saudi Ophthalmology Training Programs-A Survey.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of the current pandemic on ophthalmology residency training in Saudi Arabia, focusing on its effects on clinical education, training, and the mental well-being of the trainees.

Methods: An online self-administered questionnaire was distributed among residents in the Saudi ophthalmology training programs between July 7 and 14, 2020. In this study, we explored residents' opinions regarding training disruption and virtual education.

Primary congenital glaucoma: An updated review.

Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a rare disease affecting children early in life. PCG was considered untreatable with inevitable blindness. However, recent advances in biochemical and genetic studies, the introduction of new diagnostic tools, intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering medications and improvement of surgical techniques have led to a better understanding of this devastating disease and preserving the vision of affected children.

Glaucoma With Crouzon Syndrome.

Background: Crouzon syndrome is the most common form of craniosynostosis, and mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 and 3 (FGFR2 and FGFR3) genes are implicated in its pathogenesis.

Observation: A 10-year-old female patient with Crouzon syndrome and congenital glaucoma treated with trabeculectomy and ocular hypotensive medications was examined. The patient had proptosis, exposure keratopathy, megalocornea, thin central corneal thickness, a shallow anterior chamber, mild anterior subcapsular cataract, and a cup-to-disc ratio of 0.

Histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of capsular tissue around failed Ahmed glaucoma valves.

Impervious encapsulation around Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) results in surgical failure raising intraocular pressure (IOP). Dysregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and cellular factors might contribute to increased hydraulic resistance to aqueous drainage. Therefore, we examined these molecules in failed AGV capsular tissue.

Outcomes of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Revision in Pediatric Glaucoma.

Purpose: Encapsulation of the Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) plate is a common cause for postoperative elevation of intraocular pressure, especially in children. Many reports have described the outcomes of AGV revision in adults. However, the outcomes of AGV revision in children are poorly documented.

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Travoprost 0.004% Ophthalmic Solution Preserved with Polyquad in Pediatric Patients with Glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the systemic pharmacokinetics (PKs) of travoprost 0.004% preserved with Polyquad (TRAVATAN) in pediatric patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Methods: This was a phase 1, open-label, multicenter clinical study of patients aged ≥2 months to <18 years.

Intraocular Pressure Outcomes Following Transscleral Diode Cyclophotocoagulation Using Long and Short Duration Burns.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes of transscleral diode cyclophotocoagulation using short duration (SD) versus longer duration (LD) treatment.

Patients And Methods: Data were collected retrospectively on patients with glaucoma who underwent cyclophotocoagulation with LD (4000 ms) treatment with variable power ≤1000 mW versus SD using 1500 ms with variable power ≤2000 mW. The outcome measures included: intraocular pressure (IOP) at 12 months, decrease in number of antiglaucoma medications, complications and visual acuity (VA) at the final follow-up visit.

Altered expression of fibrosis genes in capsules of failed Ahmed glaucoma valve implants.

Purpose: Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implant is an aqueous shunt device used to control intraocular pressure in glaucoma. Implant failure results from impervious encapsulation of the shunt plate causing increased hydraulic resistance and raised intraocular pressure. We hypothesized that deregulation of fibrosis pathway contributes to capsular resistance.

Intraocular Pressure Following Phacoemulsification and Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation for Advanced Glaucoma: 1-Year Outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), vision, and medications at least 1 year after phacoemulsification combined with endocyclophotocoagulation for advanced glaucoma and cataract.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients with advanced glaucoma who underwent phacoemulsification combined with endocyclophotocoagulation at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital between 2005 and 2012. Data were collected on patient demographics, type of glaucoma, IOP over time, best-corrected visual acuity, number of glaucoma medications, comorbidities, and previous surgeries.

Lymphatic and Blood Vessel Density in Human Conjunctiva After Glaucoma Filtration Surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the lymphatic vascular microvessel density (LVD) and the blood vascular microvessel density (MVD) and their distribution in excised leaking blebs after mitomycin C trabeculectomy and normal conjunctiva specimens.

Materials And Methods: LVD and MVD in normal human conjunctiva (n=8) and excised blebs in the hypocellular stroma and peribleb tissue (conjunctiva adjacent to hypocellular bleb tissue) (n=8) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using antibodies raised against Lymphatic Vessel Endothelial Receptor 1 (D2-40, lymphatic endothelium) and CD34 (vascular endothelium). LVD and MVD counts were performed by light microscopy in 5 fields at ×20 magnification by 3 observers.

Comparison of the anterior capsulotomy edge created by manual capsulorhexis and 2 femtosecond laser platforms: Scanning electron microscopy study.

Purpose: To compare the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) features of the anterior capsule edge created by continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) and femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy using angular second moment and contrast.

Setting: King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Design: Prospective comparative series.

Development of a web-based glaucoma registry at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia: a cost-effective methodology.

In this brief communication, we present the steps used to establish a web-based congenital glaucoma registry at our institution. The contents of a case report form (CRF) were developed by a group of glaucoma subspecialists. Information Technology (IT) specialists used Lime Survey softwareTM to create an electronic CRF.