Whole Genome Analysis of 335 New Bacterial Species from Human Microbiota Reveals a Huge Reservoir of Transferable Antibiotic Resistance Determinants.

Background: The emergence and diffusion of strains of pathogenic bacteria resistant to antibiotics constitutes a real public health challenge. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) can be carried by both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, including commensal bacteria from the human microbiota, which require special monitoring in the fight against antimicrobial resistance.

Methods: We analyzed the proteomes of 335 new bacterial species from human microbiota to estimate its whole range of ARGs using the BLAST program against ARGs reference databases.

In Silico/In Vitro Strategies Leading to the Discovery of New Nonribosomal Peptide and Polyketide Antibiotics Active against Human Pathogens.

Antibiotics are majorly important molecules for human health. Following the golden age of antibiotic discovery, a period of decline ensued, characterised by the rediscovery of the same molecules. At the same time, new culture techniques and high-throughput sequencing enabled the discovery of new microorganisms that represent a potential source of interesting new antimicrobial substances to explore.

, a New Family of Fosfomycin Resistance Genes Identified in Bacterial Species Isolated from Human Microbiota.

Fosfomycin is a decades-old antibiotic, currently reused because of its activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Here, we used a combined approach to search for fosfomycin resistance determinants in 25 new bacterial species isolated from the human microbiota. Putative resistance genes were cloned into a susceptible strain.